Ammouliani Island is located in Northern Greece with its exposed rocks belonging to the Serbo-Macedonian Massif of the Hellenic hinterland. Its geology is of great importance because it lies in an area where a striking change in trend of the orogenic fabric from NW-SE to ENE-WSW occurs. For this purpose, a geological map at a scale of 1:10,000 is presented based upon detailed fieldwork and the interpretation of satellite imagery. In addition, special interest has been paid to the tectonic elements of the map units. This detailed mapping results in the definition of a new unit, the Ammouliani Unit, which is placed between the underlying Kerdilion and the overlying Vertiskos Unit of the SerboMacedonian Massif. The main features of the Ammouliani Unit are the predominance of leucosomes and the intense migmatization and strong shearing. Three main folding events (F1, F2 and F3) have been defined in the exposed rocks of the island with the first related to intense migmatization and shearing, whereas the last two are progressive to each other and are related to Mesozoic orogenic processes. In addition, NE-ENE striking shear zones were observed with the Ammouliani granite placed parallel to these. The bending of the orogenic fabric from NW-SE to ENE-WSW is younger than the F2 and F3 folding events and is related to Tertiary orogenic (tectono-magmatic) processes due to the convergence between Apulia and Eurasia and the ongoing retreat of the Hellenic subduction zone.

Geological mapping along the boundary of Almopia and Paikon zone in the 'Nerostoma' region, NNW of Lakka village defines mafic volcanogenic rocL·, meta-pelites and radiolarites, thick-bedded to massive micritic limestones and

The lithologies and structural features of the exposed rocks of the Serbo-Macedonian massif in the Vertiskos and Kerdilion Mts. have been studied in detail by carrying out km-long cross-sections. Moreover, a new tectonostratigraphic architecture for the massif is proposed, based on the migmatization and anatexis that the rocks pertain, under which the specific exposed rocks have been placed into the Vertiskos and Kerdilion Units. The latter approach differs from the traditional view, which is based solely on the lithological difference between the units. In particular, in the Vertiskos Mt., mica schists, garnet-bearing two-mica gneisses, and predominantly two-mica gneisses, without a sign of anatexis and migmatization, overlie tectonically, biotite gneisses and layered amphibolite gneisses into which migmatization and anatexis takes place. The former constitute the Vertiskos Unit, whereas the latter have been grouped into the Kerdilion Unit, since they are of similar lithologies and affinities with rocks of the Kerdilion Unit. The Kerdilion Mt. is a large antiform made up of biotite gneisses alternating with marbles, which are similarly characterized by intense migmatization and anatexis. These rocks are intruded by the Oreskia granite, which is foliated and follows the general trend of the country rocks. All the rocks are folded with isoclinal to tight folds, and the contact between the two units is a mylonitic shear zone with a top-to-the-SW sense-of-shear. Also, a large volume of ultramafic rocks occurs between the Vertiskos and Kerdilion Mts., including metamorphosed rocks like metagabbros to massive amphibolites, which is assigned to the Therma-Volvi-Gomati Complex (TVGC). These rocks have been found in tectonic contact, i.e., shear zones with top-to-the-SW sense-of-shear, only with the rocks of the Kerdilion Unit. Taking into account our new tectonostratigraphic architecture, the contact between the Vertiskos and Kerdilion Units is not located along the western side of the marbles, as the latter are exposed in the Kerdilion Mt. It is traced westerly in the Vertiskos Mt. dipping with intermediate angles towards the SW, due to NW-trending, map-scale, isoclinal folding. The ultramafic rocks of the TVGC are in tectonic contact with the rocks of the Kerdilion Unit, but not the two-mica gneisses of the Vertiskos Unit, and the Arnea granite intrudes not only the Vertiskos Unit as previously considered, but the rocks of the Kerdilion Unit, as well.

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