Background: Many studies have compared and correlated glycemic control markers with lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, but very few studies correlate them in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to find comparison and correlation between FBG, PPBG and HbA1c with lipid profile in T2DM patients and IGT individuals.Methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care hospital in north Karnataka. The diagnosis of T2DM and IGT was based on WHO criteria. 99 apparently healthy controls, 101 T2DM patients and 100 IGT subjects participated in the study.Results: All the biochemical parameters were significantly raised in IGT and T2DM patients as compared to controls.In T2DM, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.048) and significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG and HbA1c showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC VLDL and LDL and significant negative correlation with HDL, p value was 0.000 for all parameters. The correlation in IGT, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.000) and LDL (p=0.004), significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC and VLDL and significant negative correlation with HDL(p=0.000).Conclusions: Diagnosis of T2DM, IGT and associated dyslipidema is necessary as life style modification and pharmacotherapy can control these situations and thereby reduce the cardiovascular risk.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with structural changes in corneal endothelial cells and their thickness. The present study was done to compare the endothelial cell density (ECD), central corneal thickness (CCT) and morphology in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Minto Ophthalmic hospital, BMC and RI Bangalore for a period of 20 months (October 2013 - May 2015). A total of 200 study subjects, 100 diabetics and 100 non-diabetic age matched controls were selected, and complete timed ophthalmic evaluation was performed. Specular microscopy was performed on all patients for endothelial cell count assessment and corneal thickness was measured by Pachymeter. The data was analyzed and represented using descriptive statistics. ‘t’ test was used for comparing the two groups.Results: The mean endothelial cell density in diabetic group was significantly lower (2438.73±250.23cells/mm2) compared to non-diabetic group (2599.88±168.16cells/mm2) (p<0.0001). The mean Central corneal thickness in diabetic group was significantly higher (518.40±28.13 μm) compared to control group (490.14±24.31 μm) (p<0.001). The Co-efficient of variation percentage of the diabetics was higher than the non-diabetics but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The hexagonality percentage was significantly lower in diabetic group compared to the controls suggesting less pleomorphism in the diabetic group.Conclusions: The study concludes that the endothelial cell density was lower and central corneal thickness was higher in diabetic patients compared with the non-diabetics. The altered endothelial morphology was significantly seen in the form of pleomorphism (hexagonality) but polymegathism was not significantly altered.

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