Background: In December 2020, the first doses of COVID-19 vaccines arrived in Romania and were made available to medical and social staff. Vaccine hesitancy appeared as a barrier to effectively ending the pandemic. The opinions of medical and social staff influence the opinion of the general population. This study assesess the attitudes, knowledge, and opinion of medical and social personnel toward COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination and the influencing factors. Methods: 1025 persons participated in an online cross-sectional study from March until July 2021. Results: Out of 1021 eligible responders, 719 (70.42%) had been vaccinated: 227 with one dose (22.23%) and 492 with two doses (48.18%). There were 302 responders who were not vaccinated at all. Out of them, 188 refused vaccinations. The participants showed a good understanding and knowledge of SARScoV-2 transmission and treatment. Geographic area, medical profession, and medical experience influenced COVID-19 vaccination (p < 0.001). There were no associations between willingness to vaccinate and vaccine/virus knowledge. Most of the responders who were vaccinated or wanted to be vaccinated indicated an mRNA vaccine as their first choice. The variables that were significantly associated with reporting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance after logistic regression were: living in an urban area (Ora = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.98–2.56), being female (Ora = 1.59; 95% CI:1.03–2.44), and being a medical doctor (Ora = 3.40; 95% CI: 1.84–6.26). Conclusions: These findings show that vaccine hesitancy persists in medical and social personnel in Romania, and, hence, it may be reflected in the hesitancy of the general population toward vaccination.

Background: COVID-19 vaccination started in Romania in December 2020. Child vaccination started in 2021 with children aged 12–15 years in August. For children aged 5–11 years, vaccination started in January 2022. The aim of our study was to describe COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Romanian children and vaccine acceptability in the general population. As parental consent is required for child vaccination in Romania, these aspects have a significant association. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted in October and November 2021 during the peak of the 4th COVID-19 wave. Results: After validation, 1645 participants formed the main study group: median age 35 years, 72.83% women, and 35.44% from the medical domain. In total, 1311 (79.70%) participants were vaccinated against COVID-19 and 188 (11.42%) had vaccinated their 12–18-year-old children against COVID-19. Parents’ level of education, geographic area of residence, and COVID-19 vaccination status were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination. The hesitancy factors of child vaccination included the novelty of COVID-19 vaccines (62, 47.32%), fear of adverse reactions (32, 24.42%), and anti-vaccinism in general (29, 22.13%). In the studied group, only 188 (11.42%) participants recommended vaccination of 5–11-year-old children. Vaccine acceptability was higher in the general population (1311, 79.70%) than in the medical domain (326 out of 583, 55.91%). General vaccine hesitancy was based mainly on beliefs regarding inefficiency (131, 39.22%) and fears about the side effects of the vaccine (76, 22.75%). Conclusions: Overall, the acceptability of COVD-19 vaccines in the Romanian population was influenced by the level of education, area of residence, and being a COVID-19-vaccinated parent. Public health intervention programs are essential.

Infections with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are emerging as an important challenge in healthcare settings. Currently, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are the species of CRE most commonly encountered in hospitals. CRKP is resistant to almost all available antimicrobial agents, and infections with CRKP have been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, particularly among persons with prolonged hospitalization exposed to invasive devices. We report nine patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU) with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who developed invasive infections due to carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp), KPC and OXA-48, strains that have not been previously identified in our hospital. Despite ceftazidime/avibactam therapy, five patients died. Coinfections can contribute to a poor prognosis for patients with COVID-19, especially for high-risk populations such as elderly patients. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a rigorous program of antibiotic administration in intensive care units.

In Romania, in 2017, the infant mortality rate was eight per thousand; with 41,000 women who had no medical visits during pregnancy; 18,500 were teenagers. Our objective was to analyze how many teen pregnancies were in an Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital from Romania over a two-year period and underline the role that midwives have in preventing teenage pregnancies. A descriptive study of a group of 343 childbearing teenagers out of 7020 childbearing women who gave birth in 2017-2018 is presented. The teenagers were evaluated by age, the number of pregnancies, birth complications, way of delivery, and place of origin. The involvement of the midwife was highlighted. From the total of 7020 analyzed cases, 4.8% (n=343) were teen pregnancies. Within this group, 4.37% (n=15) were already at the third birth and 89.79 (n=308) were un-investigated during the entire pregnancy. Sixtyeight point fifty-one percent (68.51%; n=235) of the teenagers gave birth with the aid of a midwife while 4.66 (n=16) gave birth with no medical attendance and experienced homebirth. All the teenagers that gave birth at home were from rural areas and not married. High teenage pregnancy rates are determined in Romania by the low level of information about sexuality and family planning at young ages. The midwives have the ability to help to resolve these problems if they were more allowed to be involved in these programs, especially in rural areas.

Background: Many countries had initial success with HPV vaccination campaigns worldwide. The HPV vaccine coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic dropped consistently. The aim of our research is to assess the barriers and facilitators of the current Romanian HPV vaccination campaign. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional observational survey was conducted in the Romanian general population; a self-administered questionnaire was used. Results: 1122 responders were interviewed; 666 (59.36%) were parents, and 67 (5.97%) HPV vaccinated themselves. A multinominal logistic regression carried out in the parents’ category showed that women with university studies and informed from medical sources have greater chances to HPV vaccinate. Reticence regarding vaccination comes from the high cost of the vaccine and a lack of information. Only 118 (10.51%) vaccinated against HPV. From the logistic regression analysis, gender (ORa 0.461 = 95% CI: (0.196; 1.083)), geographic area of residence (ORa = 0.517; 95% CI: (0.331; 0.807)), and the inclusion of the HPV vaccine in the National Vaccination Program (ORa = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.361; 4.235)) were the factors found most associated with HPV vaccination. Conclusions: In the general population, the inclusion of HPV vaccination in the National Vaccination Program would be the most important facilitator of HPV vaccination in Romania. In parents that did not vaccinate their children, one important barrier to HPV vaccination was the high cost of the HPV vaccine and the lack of proper information. The acceptability of HPV vaccination in Romania is low; therefore, public health educational programs are needed.