Kaki Gajah (elephantiasis) is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by filarial worms (microfilaria) and transmitted by many species of mosquitoes. Commonly, this disease was called filariasis. The Sumba Barat Daya Regency was declared as endemic filariasis because it’s microfilariae rates was more than 1%. The research was carried out to observe the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the microfilaria positive respondents and negative respondents with filaria incident. The study was conducted at Kodi Balaghar district of Sumba Barat Daya Regency from April to November in 2014 by cross-sectional research design. Respondents obtained by purposive sampling. The data analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis methods. The result showed that filariasis patients were found in respondents who have low education or never study at school, 30‒45 years old, and a farmer. The statistical tests showed P-value for 0.000 and explain about the knowledge level, attitude, and practice of the filaria incident. The analysis of knowledge variable shows that Relative Risk (RR) = 6.000 and explains that the probability of the patients with low knowledge was 6.000 times compared to the patients with high knowledge, attitude/perception variable had RR = 3.333, and explains that the probability of the patients with a negative attitude was 3.333 times compared to the patients with positive attitude/perception. Practices variables had RR = 1.824 and explain that the probability of the patients with false practices was 1.824 times compared to the patients with true practices. It was a conclusion that Positive respondents of filariasis had lower education and knowledge level compared to positive respondents of filariasis. Meanwhile, the filariasis patients had a negative attitude and practices for controlling transmission risk and had false practice for disease prevention compared to the respondents who did not have filariasis.

Filariasis program in Indonesia is carried out through two main strategies, namely breaking the chain of transmission with mass drug administration in endemic areas and clinical case management. This research was aimed to assess the implementation of administration of filariasis preventive drugs in Mbilur Pangadu village, Central Sumba Regency. Mass drug administration in Central Sumba is the first program that has been carried out and has not been evaluated yet. The study was conducted with a descriptive survey method of Mbilur Pangadu Village population aged ≥ 13 years. The results showed that the majority of respondents who did not receive the drug were in all age groups (> 50%), sex male (64.7%), lack of knowledge about filariasis (85.8%) and distance of treatment posts difficult to reach (65.4%). Most respondents with high or low knowledge did not receive drugs (>50%), but they received the program well. Health activities have an impact of drug acceptance, which is 95.6%. The method of distribution and side effects of treatment does not affect the behavior of taking medication. Guidelines for the implementation of mass treatment must be known and can be carried out by all health workers to achieve the expected target. AbstrakProgram filariasis di Indonesia dilakukan melalui dua strategi utama, yaitu memutuskan rantai penularan dengan pemberian obat massal di daerah endemis dan penatalaksanaan kasus klinis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai pelaksanaan pemberian obat massal pencegah filariasis di Desa Mbilur Pangadu Kabupaten Sumba Tengah. Pemberian obat massal di Sumba Tengah adalah program yang pertama kali dilakukan dan belum pernah dievaluasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei deskriptif pada seluruh penduduk Desa Mbilur Pangadu yang berumur ≥13 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden yang tidak menerima obat berada pada semua kelompok umur (> 50%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (64,7%), pengetahuan kurang tentang filariasis (85,8%) dan jarak pos pengobatan sulit dijangkau (65,4%). Sebagian besar responden dengan pengetahuan tinggi maupun rendah tidak menerima obat (>50%), namun mereka menerima program dengan baik. Keaktifan petugas kesehatan sangat berdampak terhadap penerimaan obat yaitu 95,6%. Cara pendistribusian dan efek samping pengobatan tidak berdampak pada perilaku minum obat. Pedoman pelaksanaan pengobatan massal harus diketahui dan bisa dilaksanakan oleh seluruh petugas kesehatan agar mencapai terget yang diharapkan.