Nowadays, steel ship construction in Indonesia is dominated by the hull block construction method. This method can reduce man-hours as the ship is manufactured by a division of the hull into several sections/blocks; here, it can be worked in parallel. Once work is finished on these blocks and then proceeding to the main hull for assembling, the lifting operation is performed on the blocks during this erecting process. Lifting of ship blocks must be planned safely to avoid damage. One of the items that must be considered is the position of the padeye. The placement or installation of the padeye in the block during the lifting operation plays a vital role in the deformation and working stress of the block structure. Consequences if this is not observed, which van cause misalignment in the welding join path on ship bloks due to excessive plastic deformation and stress. Therefore, this study aims to simulate the placement of a padeye that results in minimum deformation and structural stress. The method used in this research is the stiffness method applied in computer programs. In this studied, it had been recorded that the structure on the ship blok is deformed and stressed at each padeye position. Based on the simulation from 23 positions of the padeye, the optimal position of the pad eye is at position 10 in simulation 2 with deformation of x, y, and z coordinates which are 7 mm, 2 mm, and 7 mm, respectively. Generrally, In this case shown the deck girder and longitudinal beam structure is dominantly subjected to high deformation and stress in several position.   Keyword: Padeye,  Ship Block,  Lifting,  Deformation,  Stress.

No abstract

⎯ Landing Craft Tank (LCT) is a sea transportation that serves to carry various types of cargo and heavy mining equipment and has a large size. In shipbuilding, the construction structure on the ship is not only designed to be able to accept the load from the cargo being transported but also must be able to withstand external loads caused by waves. With the modification of the Self-Propelled Oil Barge (SPOB) ship into a Landing Craft Tank (LCT), the calculation and planning process on the deck structure of the Landing Craft Tank (LCT) ship really needs to pay attention to the stress and strain strength in order to meet the safety factors that have been set in accordance with the applicable rules. This study aims to determine the maximum allowable stress value and the safety factor of the modified structure of the Landing Craft Tank (LCT) ship deck construction. The method used in this research is the finite element method. In this study uses 2 variations of the type of support "Tee Bar" and "Angle Bar". The results of this study the value of material deformation that occurs on the ship's deck with a variation of "Angle Bar" of 1.1497 mm and the value of material deformation that occurs on the deck of a ship with a variation of "Tee Bar" of 0.97269 mm. The maximum stress value acting on the ship's deck with the "Angle Bar" profile variation is 152.64 MPa and the maximum strain value is 0.00072686 mm/mm. The maximum stress value acting on the ship's deck for the "Tee Bar" profile variation is 147, 63 MPa and the maximum strain value is 0.000703 mm/mm. The value of the Safety Factor based on the criteria for the material on the ship's deck is obtained by comparing the yield stress value of the material and the maximum working stress must be greater than 1, then the deck construction with the variation of the "Angle Bar" profile is 2,326 and for the variation of the "Tee" profile type. Bar" 2,405 are categorized as safe. As for the Safety Factor based on BKI rules for the variation of the "Angle Bar" profile of 1,638 and for the variation of the "Tee Bar" profile of 1,693 it is categorized as safe. then the deck construction with the variation of the profile type "Angle Bar" is 2,326 and for the variation of the profile type "Tee Bar" 2.405 is categorized as safe. As for the Safety Factor based on BKI rules for the variation of the "Angle Bar" profile of 1,638 and for the variation of the "Tee Bar" profile of 1,693 it is categorized as safe. then the deck construction with the variation of the profile type "Angle Bar" is 2,326 and for the variation of the profile type "Tee Bar" 2.405 is categorized as safe. As for the Safety Factor based on BKI rules for the variation of the "Angle Bar" profile of 1,638 and for the variation of the "Tee Bar" profile of 1,693 it is categorized as safe.

Industri galangan kapal kayu tradisional di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara merupakan salah satu usaha mandiri yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat setempat dengan memanfaatkan keterampilan membuat kapal kayu yang diperoleh secara turun temurun dari keluarganya. Masyarakat pengrajin kapal tersebut tergabung dalam sebuah kelompok usaha bersama (KUB) yaitu KUB Panrita Lopi. Produk yang dihasilkan oleh pengrajin kapal bahkan dapat menembus pasar nasional di Indonesia. Namun, dari observasi lapangan yang dilakukan terdapat satu faktor pendukung penting dalam usaha meningkatkan kegiatan produksi yaitu penerapan standar keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) di lokasi mitra yang masih rendah seperti tidak menggunakan alat perlindungan diri ketika melakukan aktivitas mekanik dan mobilisasi logistik. Sistem yang dibangun pada KUB masih sangat tradisional sehingga perlu didorong untuk terus meningkat. Salah satunya dengan peningkatan sistem keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja bagi para pengrajin. Melalui metode penyuluhan prinsip K3 yang dilakukan oleh Tim Pengabdian Masyarakat ITK, para pengrajin kapal kayu akan memiliki pengetahuan terkait keamanan dan keselamatan dalam membangun kapal kayu. Hasil penyuluhan memperlihatkan pemahaman para pengrajin terhadap K3 mengalami peningkatan sekitar 83% yang awalnya hanya 27%.

Tourism ship with the Phinisi ship concept for the Selayar Islands tourist area are designed to increase the number of tourist attractions in the area. With beach tourism destinations and coral reefs, the Selayar region is very possible to become an alternative tourist destination in Indonesia besides Bunaken, Raja Ampat, Labuan Bajo, and the island of Bali. This ship is designed with wood materials and carries the theme of the traditional Phinisi ship which is the hallmark of ships made by the Bugis-Makassar tribe since 3000 years ago and has been recognized by UNESCO as one of the world's cultural heritage (Art of Boatbuilding in South Sulawesi). This study aims to obtain a tourist ship design that can be an attraction for tourists to vacation in the Selayar Islands. mothership design approach (parent) is the type of method applied in this study, this is method is very commonly used in the ship design process, namely by using a comparison ship as a reference in the design of a new ship. The main ship dimensions obtained from this research are Loa = 26 m, B = 6.1 m, H = 2.48 m, T = 1.6 m, Vs (max) = 10 Knots, and Crew = 6 persons. The room on the ship is made like a classy hotel room and other services can pamper tourists.