Allegations related to the cartel arise every time Indonesia experiences a shortage of cooking oil. The study aims to discuss the causes of the scarcity of cooking oil in Indonesia. Is it because of Permendagri Number 06 of 2022 or because of a cartel or is it caused by an artificial scarcity made by a syndicate? And whether this cartel and scarcity have anything to do with it. The study used qualitative research. The study uses normative or socio legal by analyzing relevant sources and news related to the scarcity of cooking oil. The results showed that the cause of the scarcity of cooking oil was the highest retail price which was marked by the issuance of Permendagri No. 6 of 2022, the law of one price which causes arbitrage, artificial scarcity by businessman, panic buying among the public, conditional sales and distribution problems. The relationship between the cartel and the scarcity of cooking oil lies in its complex and non-transparent distribution to consumers. The cartel group restrains the widely circulated cooking oil products with HRP because the businessman will lose out automatically if sold at HRP. Therefore, businessman withdraw products from the market and resulting in scarcity.

The Bankruptcy Law is intended to maintain business continuity, not only debtors but also creditors and parties who are indirectly involved in the bankruptcy case. The purpose of the Bankruptcy Law is not to impoverish debtors and creditors and other parties but to ensure how after the bankruptcy decision the parties can resume their business or start a business again from scratch. The research approach used in this research is qualitative. The type of research is library research or normative juridical. Sources of data come from laws, journals, and books related to the Bankruptcy Law. The method of data collection is done through documentation in the form of books and journals. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed prescriptively and descriptively. Data processing is carried out by systematizing legal materials by classifying data to facilitate analysis and construction in normative legal research. The results of this study indicate that the Bankruptcy Law as far as possible maintains the balance of rights of debtors and creditors. Article 2 Paragraph (1) In simple terms, the procedure for bankruptcy of a person is also excluded if the debtor is hopelessly in debt or has no hope of continuing his business. Article 2 Paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and (5) provide limited access for certain lines to be bankrupt, seeing that these lines are in direct contact with the interests of the general public. Article 4 aims to maintain family harmony. Article 41 to maintain the continuity of the creditor's business when the debtor is in the process of bankruptcy.

The determination of the area of customary rights of indigenous peoples is a form of protection for indigenous peoples, a step to overcome vertical conflicts between the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people and conservation or national park managers. This study aims to capture the extent to which the position and existence of Perda no. 4 of 2015 on the recognition of the customary rights of the moronene indigenous people of Hukaea Laea. This type of research is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach, the research location is in Watu-Watu Village, Lantari Jaya District and Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Bombana Regency and the data collection of this study is through direct interviews and deductive conclusions are drawn. Based on the results of this study, the forms of dehumanization of the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people include: (1) In 1997 the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people experienced intimidation by the universe broom group such as burning houses and land and in 2002 repeated home destruction and eviction ulayat areas by the government because the Moronene indigenous people are in conservation areas or national parks, the pretext of expulsion and arrest of customary leaders and indigenous peoples of Moronene Hukaea Laea has based on a negative stigma that the existence of indigenous peoples is a group that destroys ecosystems and ecology. (2) In 2015 the stipulation of Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2015 is not substantive because it only regulates the existence of indigenous peoples, not the absolute determination of territory by the Hukaea Laea indigenous people. This is indicated by the policy of the Minister of Forestry which concluded that based on the total population of the Hukaea Laea Indigenous Peoples, only 6,000 hectares could be controlled. Based on this policy, the local government shows inconsistency towards the indigenous Moronene Hukaea Laea after placing its position as a mediator between the Minister of Forestry, conservation area managers, and the Hukaea Laea Indigenous Community.