Objective:The aims of this study were to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) classified as low-risk by the Framingham score, before and after the multiplication by 1.5 recommended by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), and to stratify them using carotid and femoral Doppler ultrasound (DUS) in order to optimize the assessment of the asymptomatic cardiovascular disease incidence.Methods: Thirty-five female patients with RA and 35 healthy women (control group), both with low cardiovascular risk by Framingham score, were enrolled in the study (randomized). All of them underwent carotid and femoral DUS studies. Results:The mean age at diagnosis was 44.57 years, the mean disease duration was 12.11 years and the mean disease activity score according to the Disease Activity Score 28 was 1.91, whereas according to the Clinical Disease Activity Index, it was 6.176. The sample was homogeneous. Within the RA group, 46% showed changes in the carotid and/or femoral DUS, compared with 14% in the control group (p = 0.004). Of the DUS with abnormalities, in the RA group, 31% of the carotid DUS and 81% of the femoral DUS (p = 0.005) showed intima-media thickness and/or atherosclerotic plaques. After EULAR 1.5 multiplication factor, 66% remained low cardiovascular risk. Of these, 35% of the patients showed changes in the carotid and/or femoral DUS, compared with 14% of the control group (p = 0.07). Conclusions:The EULAR criteria are effective at identifying patients with high cardiovascular risk. Carotid DUS and, especially, femoral DUS are tools that can be used in clinical practice as ways to detect CVD even in its asymptomatic form.

Resumo: A pesquisa do tipo exploratória, de natureza quantitativa. Foram consultadas edições de um jornal regional, publicadas no período de agosto de 2006 a Dezembro de 2010 com o objetivo de analisar a violência contra a mulher com desfecho em morte e aplicar o indicador Anos Potenciais de Vidas Perdidos (APVP). Dentre as notas analisadas que narravam a violência contra as mulheres residentes no Estado do Pará com desfecho em morte, foi constatado, uma perda em anos significativa. A aplicação do indicador Anos Potenciais Vidas Perdidos (APVP) mostrou que as mortes acometem mulheres jovens, representando perdas significativas a nível econômico e social.Palavras-chave: Violência; Mulher; Mortalidade; Artigo de Jornal; Homicídio.

No abstract

BACKGROUND Self-medication for the purpose of weight loss is a frequent practise and extremely harmful to health, many medications as well as formulations use diuretics in their composition. Bariatric surgery should be carefully indicated and postoperative follow-up, with nutritional replacement, mandatory. These aspects, when neglected can lead to the emerge of rare pathologies as the case reported.

No abstract