Purpose To assess survival following radical prostatectomy (RP), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or conformal radiation therapy (CRT) versus no local therapy (NLT) for metastatic prostate cancer (MPCa), adjusting for patient comorbidity, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and other factors. Materials and Methods Men ≥66 with MPCa undergoing treatment by RP, IMRT, CRT or NLT identified from SEER-Medicare linked database (2004–2009). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, before and after inverse propensity score weighting, were used to assess all cause and PCa specific mortality. Competing risk regression analysis was used to assess PCa specific mortality. Results Among 4069 men with MPCa, RP (n=47), IMRT (n=88), CRT (n=107) were selected as local therapy versus NLT (n=3827). RP was associated with a 52% (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27–0.85) reduction in the risk of PCa specific mortality, after adjusting for socio-demographic, primary tumour characteristics, comorbidity, ADT and bone radiation within 6 months of diagnosis. IMRT was associated with a 62% (HR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24–0.61) reduction in the risk of PCa specific mortality, respectively. CRT was not associated with improved survival compared to NLT. Propensity score weighting yielded comparable results. Competing risk analysis revealed a 42% (SHR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35–0.95) and 57% (SHR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.68) reduction in the risk of PCa specific mortality for RP and IMRT. Conclusions Local therapy with RP and IMRT, but not CRT, was associated with a survival benefit in MPC and warrants prospective evaluation in clinical trials

Stomach cancer incidence shows substantial racial-ethnic disparity in the United States, with Korean Americans experiencing by far the highest incidence. We examined stomach cancer incidence trends in Korean Americans by tumor subsite, histology, and stage and compared them with incidence rates in racial-ethnic groups with the second highest rate (Japanese Americans) and the lowest rate (non-Hispanic whites; NHWs) as well as populations in South Korea and Japan. We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates by racial-ethnic groups, sex, and tumor characteristics, using the 1988-2012 California Cancer Registry data. Data on South Korea and Japan were obtained from the literature and other resources. Between 1988 and 2012 in California, Korean Americans had about five times greater incidence than NHWs and twice that of Japanese Americans. Tumor characteristics differed by ethnic group and gender. The incidence in Korean Americans has declined during recent years, for both cardia and noncardia sites and for both intestinal- and diffuse-type histology. Although Korean Americans were diagnosed at an earlier stage than other Californians, the proportion with localized disease (43%) was much smaller than in South Korea (57%), where population-based screening is available. Stomach cancer incidence declined in the highest risk ethnic groups. However, the persistent disparity between Korean Americans and other racial-ethnic groups warrants additional strategies for prevention and earlier diagnosis. Analysis of California Cancer Registry data identified a racial-ethnic subgroup with stomach cancer disparity that may benefit from targeted prevention and screening efforts. .

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Purpose There is suggestive but limited evidence for a relationship between meat intake and breast cancer (BC) risk. Few studies included Hispanic women. We investigated the association between meats and fish intake and BC risk among Hispanic and NHW women. Methods The study included NHW (1,982 cases and 2,218 controls) and US Hispanics (1,777 cases and 2,218 controls) from 2 population-based case-control studies. Analyses considered menopausal status and percent Native American ancestry. We estimated pooled ORs combining harmonized data from both studies, and study and race/ethnicity specific ORs that were combined using fixed or random effects models, depending on heterogeneity levels. Results When comparing highest versus lowest tertile of intake, among NHW we observed an association between tuna intake and BC risk (pooled OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.05–1.50; trend p = 0.006),. Among Hispanics, we observed an association between BC risk and processed meat intake (pooled OR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.18–1.71; trend p < 0.001), and between white meat (OR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.95; trend p = 0.01) and BC risk, driven by poultry. All these findings were supported by meta-analysis using fixed or random effect models, and were restricted to estrogen receptor positive tumors. Processed meats and poultry were not associated with BC risk among NHW women; red meat and fish were not associated with BC risk in either race/ethnic groups. Conclusions Our results suggest the presence of ethnic differences in associations between meat and BC risk that may contribute to BC disparities.