RESUMOQuando se recomenda um número definido de amostras simples de solo para formar uma amostra composta, não se leva em consideração o diâmetro do trado a ser utilizado na amostragem. Visando a determinação do diâmetro de trado que permitisse redução no esforço e no tempo necessários à amostragem, realizou-se um estudo em que foram coletadas amostras simples de solo com seis volumes diferentes (40, 90, 160, 360, 810 e 1.000 cm 3 ), em três situações de preparo-coleta (plantio direto (PD) ou plantio convencional antes (PCAA) ou depois da aração (PCDA)), no intuito de se obter o volume de amostra simples com o qual se estimasse a menor variabilidade das características avaliadas (pH, P, K, Ca 2+ e Mg 2+ ). A estimativa da variabilidade da maioria das características químicas da fertilidade do solo avaliadas foi, de maneira geral, semelhante entre o plantio direto (PD) e o plantio convencional antes da aração (PCAA), sendo maior em ambos os casos do que no plantio convencional depois da aração (PCDA). O aumento do volume das amostras simples, para uma mesma profundidade de coleta, reduziu a estimativa da variabilidade das características químicas da fertilidade avaliadas até valores
Titration curves were determined for soil from horizon samples of a clayey and a sandy loam Oxisol by (a) adding NaOH to soil suspensions and (b) incubating moist soils with Ca(OH) 2 . The organic fraction was primarily responsible for buffering in both soils. Humic acids were more important than fulvic acids in buffering against NaOH additions. With Ca(OH) 2 ,greater buffer capacities were found due to carboxyl sites, primarily on fulvic acids, becoming complexed with Ca 2+ , so that in the clay soil humic and fulvic acids were equally important as buffering components while fulvic acids were more important in the sandy loam soil. The buffer capacity of organic matter against Ca(OH) 2 additions was 1.1 mol c kg À 1 pH À 1 . In the incubated soils, exchangeable cations were also determined and changes in the amounts of exchangeable and non-exchangeable Ca 2+ , acidity and effective cation exchange capacity were calculated. Up to half the added Ca 2+ became complexed and was nonexchangeable. Aluminum complexed by organic matter appears to be an important buffering component, together with nonexchangeable H + . With the increase of pH the dissociated sites from the carboxyl groups could complex Ca 2+ .
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