This article studies the Mexican state-level impact on health outcomes of the decentralization of health funding and responsibilities that took place in 1997. Since the reform took place simultaneously in all states, we focus on a difference in difference estimation of whether those states that received more funds achieved better health outcomes after health services decentralization. According to our results, those states that received more funds did not boost the advances in health outcomes already achieved under the centralized health sector regime. There are two main possible explanations for these results. First, the allocation among states of the earmarked fund that was created as a result of the reform failed to take into account statespecific health needs. Second, the decentralization reform was not enough since it did not concede more tax autonomy to states and no other
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. open-economy model of sovereign default, featuring endogenous fiscal policy and stochastic commodity revenues. The model accounts for a positive correlation of commodity revenues with government expenditures and a negative correlation with tax rates. We quantitatively document the extent to which the utilization of different financial hedging instruments by the government contributes to lowering the volatility of different macroeconomic variables and their correlation with commodity revenues. An event analysis illustrates how financial hedging instruments moderate fiscal adjustment in response to significant falls in the price of commodities. Keywords: commodity revenues, hedging, indexed bonds, fiscal policy, sovereign default JEL Classification: F34, F41, F44
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Documents inResumen: Los precios de las materias primas son un determinante importante de la política fiscal y del ciclo económico en numerosas economías en desarrollo. Analizamos un modelo dinámico y estocástico de una economía pequeña y abierta con incumplimiento de pago de deuda soberana, considerando política fiscal endógena e ingresos estocásticos de materias primas. El modelo explica una correlación positiva de los ingresos por materias primas con el gasto del gobierno y una correlación negativa con la tasa de impuestos. Documentamos de manera cuantitativa en qué medida la utilización de diferentes instrumentos financieros de cobertura por parte del gobierno contribuye a reducir la volatilidad de diferentes variables macroeconómicas y su correlación con los ingresos por materias primas. El análisis de eventos ilustra cómo los instrumentos financieros de cobertura moderan los ajustes fiscales en respuesta a caídas significativas en el precio de las materias primas. Palabras Clave: ingresos por materias primas, coberturas, bonos indexados, política fiscal, incumplimiento de pago de deuda soberana Documento de Investigación
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