Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the mean carpal extension angles in dogs participating in the A-frame and hurdle jumps, and to determine if the use of a carpal brace changed the carpal extension angle. Study Design Data from 13 healthy agility dogs were included. Approximately 1 cm square adhesive tape markers placed on both forelimbs served as anatomic landmarks for carpal angle measurement. Each dog was filmed landing after jumping over a bar and exiting the A-frame. Five valid trials on each obstacle were collected. The carpal braces were then applied and the dogs were allowed to navigate obstacles for 10 minutes. Once acclimated to the brace, an additional five valid trials were collected. Carpal extension was measured from the videos collected using a video analysis software. Results Without the carpal brace, the mean carpal extension angles ± standard deviations in dogs participating in the A-frame and hurdle jumps were 124.7 ± 11.9 degrees and 123.3 ± 6.3 degrees, respectively. With the carpal brace, the mean carpal extension angles ± standard deviations were 129.1 ± 11.4 degrees and 125.3 ± 7.3 for the A-frame and hurdle jumps, respectively. There was no clinically significant reduction as defined (>10 degrees) in carpal extension measurements with and without the brace. Clinical Significance The brace used in this study did not show a clinically significant reduction in carpal extension. However, multiple avenues for future research have been identified using these data.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess bone density, bone architecture and clinical function of canine nonunion distal appendicular long bone fractures with a defect treated with fixation, compression-resistant matrix and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Study Design Prospective cohort study with dogs at least 1-year post treatment. Computed tomography was performed and quantitative measurements from previous fracture sites were compared with measurements from contralateral limbs. Subjective evaluation included gait assessment and palpation. Results Six patients met the inclusion criteria. The rhBMP-2 treated bone exhibited higher density at the periphery and lower density in the centre, similar to the contralateral limb. All patients were weight bearing on the treated limb and all fractures were healed. Conclusion The rhBMP-2-treated bone underwent restoration of normal architecture and density. Acceptable limb function was present in all patients. The results of this study can serve as a basis for long-term response in treating nonunion fractures in veterinary patients.

INTRODUCCIÓNLa hiperostosis esquelética difusa idiopática (DISH) es una enfermedad ósea difusa que se manifiesta por una tendencia a la osificación de los ligamentos, tendones, periostio y cápsulas articulares, que afecta tanto a la columna vertebral como a estructuras extraespinales.En 1950 Forestier y Rotés-Querol publican una serie de 9 casos donde describen la hiperostosis an-quilosante vertebral senil y la distinguen como entidad nosológica de la espondiloartrosis y la espondilitis anquilosante 1 . En 1956 Forestier describe las localizaciones periféricas, perdiendo el calificativo de vertebral.El posterior hallazgo de casos entre los 40-50 años hizo suprimir el calificativo de senil.No obstante forma parte de las cuatro enfermedades del envejecimiento articular junto a la osteoporosis, artrosis y condrocalcinosis. 481 RESUMENLa hiperostosis esquelética difusa idiopática (DISH) es una patología cuya prevalencia aumenta con la edad, y que se caracteriza por una tendencia a la osificación de tendones, ligamentos, periostio y cápsulas articulares, tanto espinales como extraespinales. Su diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico debe ser realizado por el médico de familia.Las manifestaciones radiológicas son su tarjeta de visita, aunque no hemos de olvidar sus manifestaciones clínicas espinales o extraespinales. D e r i v a remos al segundo nivel asistencial en caso de duda diagnóstica o cuando sospechemos patología compresiva (a nivel medular o esofágico).El caso clínico que presentamos lo consideramos ejemplarizante por sus manifestaciones radiológicas y clínicas. Palabras clave: H i p e rostosis esquelética difusa idiopática. Radiología. Clínica. Atención Primaria. ABSTRACT Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is an old people pathology which is distinguished by a clear tendence to tendon, ligament, periosteum and art icular capsule ossification, either spinal or extraspinal. Its diagnostic and therapeutic management must be carried out by a family phisician. The radiological manifestations are its visiting card , though we cannont forget its clinical spinal or extraspinal manifestations.

OBJECTIVE To measure the mitral annulus in dogs. Our hypothesis was that mitral measurement would be possible and consistent among observers using CT. SAMPLE Thoracic CT scans of dogs without known heart disease. PROCEDURES Five trained investigators measured 4 aspects of the mitral valve and the fourth thoracic vertebrae (T4) length using multiplanar reformatting tools. Ten randomly chosen animals were measured by all investigators to determine interobserver reliability. RESULTS There were 233 CT scans eligible for inclusion. Dogs weighed 2 to 96 kg (mean, 28.1 kg), with a variety of breeds represented. Golden Retrievers (n = 28) and Labrador Retrievers (n = 37) were overrepresented. The intraclass correlations were all greater than 0.9, showing excellent agreement between observers. The means and SDs of each measurement were as follows: trigone-to-trigone distance, 17.2 ± 4.7 mm; the remaining circumference, 79.0 ± 17.5 mm; commissure-to-commissure distance, 30.8 ± 6.5 mm; septal leaflet-to-lateral leaflet distance, 26.3 ± 6.0 mm; T4 length, 16.9 ± 3.1 mm; and the total circumference normalized by T4, 5.7 ± 0.7 mm. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides information that may help in the development of future treatment for mitral valve dysfunction and subsequent annular enlargement.