We conducted empirical research into brand equity for two mountain tourism destinations, Villa la Angostura (VLA) and Villa Pehuenia (VP), in the Patagonia region of Argentina. Brand equity was measured through four dimensions: brand awareness, perceived image, perceived quality and loyalty. A structured survey was administered to a sample of 400 respondents living in Neuquén city, an important nearby source market for the destinations. Findings indicated high familiarity with both tourism brands. The Neuquén tourism market perceived both brands as nature and snow destinations, with beautiful landscapes and a range of attractions. High levels of perceived quality and positive loyalty attitudes and behaviours were also detected, although evidence was found of a differentiated perceived image for each destination. VLA was identified as a destination with a range of activities and services and better accessibility, while VP was identified as a destination with very hospitable hosts. VP seemed to be a more relaxing and peaceful destination but at the same time less entertaining compared to VLA. This research contributes to the local literature on equity brand measurement; recommendations for destination marketers are also presented.
La imagen de marca de un destino turístico es la percepción global que el turista posee del mismo en base a lo que conoce, cree y siente. Tal imagen es compleja, especialmente al hablar de destinos, y no es estática, puede cambiar ante noticias de crisis. Frente a estas situaciones críticas, los destinos pueden aplicar la resiliencia como capacidad adaptativa. El estudio utilizó una triangulación metodológica cualitativo-cuantitativo, analizando las comunicaciones de la marca del destino turístico Villa la Angostura, o VLA, frente a la erupción del volcán Puyehue en 2011. La investigación permitió caracterizar la comunicación de la situación de crisis en distintos medios de comunicación junto a personas y organizaciones involucradas con la imagen y su resiliencia. Como conclusión, la imagen de marca del destino VLA logró sobreponerse a la crisis y hoy parece incluso más fuerte. En este proceso de resiliencia de la marca se destaca una activa participación de los actores del destino, la reconstrucción de su imagen y la necesidad de que los destinos turísticos incorporen planes de gestión de crisis con un plan de comunicación concreto y responsable en pos de una restauración efectiva de la imagen.
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