Introdução: A promoção da saúde nas escolas envolve a educação em saúde, a criação de entornos saudáveis e a provisão de serviços de saúde. Este estudo objetivou realizar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre a promoção da saúde nas escolas. Metodologia: Os critérios prévios de inclusão foram: artigos que relacionavam saúde escolar e promoção da saúde, sem limite temporal de publicação. Foram realizadas buscas eletrônicas nas principais bases de dados, entre janeiro e março de 2014. Foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras-chave e conjunto de palavras: promoção da saúde, saúde escolar, health promotion e school health [termo MeSH e termo palavra]. Também foram pesquisados estudos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão originados da lista de referências dos artigos selecionados. Revisão de literatura / Discussão: A saúde escolar avançou em sintonia com o conhecimento técnico-científico e com o desenvolvimento sócio-político, superando, de forma gradativa, o paradigma biomédico para a concepção da iniciativa das Escolas Promotoras de Saúde. No Brasil, foi instituído um novo programa para a saúde do escolar denominado Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE). O PSE se identifica como uma estratégia para a integração e articulação permanente entre as políticas e ações de educação e saúde. Considerações finais: Uma escola promotora de saúde caracteriza-se como uma escola que busca um estilo de vida, aprendizagem e trabalho que favoreça o desenvolvimento da saúde.

School health promotion programs can reduce common health problems like obesity, diabetes and respiratory complications. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the perceptions of a group of teachers regarding issues related to the promotion of health in school. The 15 teachers sampled were from public primary schools in a city in southeastern Brazil. Interviews with teachers were conducted and data was analyzed employing content. Teacher practices regarding the promotion of health appeared to be aimed at their students and their daily habits and their practices. Teachers described approaching health promotion through their lesson content and suggested that the school should seek help from other institutions in their health promotion activities like prevention activities, monitoring of improvements in student and teacher health. Teachers mentioned a strong relationship between knowledge and the pursuit of good health. The need to identify major determinants of the disease/health process was highlighted and the connection between lifestyle, socio-economic status and the disease/health process was described. Awareness of the influence concerning both the environment and the school surroundings was demonstrated. It is important that the teachers are aware of the environment that surrounds them as well as the reality of the lives of all those involved with the school.

Introduction: Anemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be divided into anemic patients without or with functional iron deficiency (FID). The increase in the number of cases of hemosiderosis in patients on hemodialysis (HD) attributed to excessive intravenous iron replacement has called for the investigation of the factors involved in the genesis of FID. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of FID in patients with CKD on HD, characterize the included individuals in terms of clinical and workup parameters, and assess their nutritional, oxidative stress, and inflammation statuses. This cross-sectional study assembled a convenience sample of 183 patients with CKD on HD treated in Southern Brazil. Patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups, one with anemic subjects with FID and one with anemic patients without FID. Participants answered a questionnaire probing into socio-epidemiological factors, underwent anthropometric measurements, and were tested for markers of anemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and nutrition. Statistical analysis: The date sets were treated on software package GraphPad InStat version 3.1. Variables were tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, chi-square, Student’s t, and Mann-Whitney tests. Statistical significance was attributed to differences with a p < 0.05. Results: Markers of inflammation were not statistically different between the two groups. Markers of anemia and nutrition were significantly lower in patients with FID. Patients with FID were prescribed higher doses of parenteral iron (p < 0,05). Discussion: FID was associated with lower nutritional marker levels, but not to increased levels of markers of inflammation or oxidative stress, as reported in the literature. Additional studies on the subject are needed.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar conceitos associados ao termo pattern e sua aplicação em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Por meio da investigação bibliográ ca, surgem duas principais abordagens para o assunto: o pattern como motivo visual utilizado amplamente no design de superfície e como solução encapsulada, proposta originalmente para a arquitetura mas que, posteriormente, se torna referência no desenvolvimento de sistemas no campo da ciência da computação. Este trabalho apresenta, também, exemplos de utilização prática do pattern na tipografia e no design de jogos em função de seu caráter modular e reutilizável.

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