Introduction Sepsis is a public health problem due to its high prevalence and mortality. Mean platelet volume (MPV), a biomarker reported in routine blood counts, has been investigated and shows promise for determining fatal outcomes in septic patients. Objective Evaluate whether the mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet volume-to-platelet count (MPV/P) ratio are predictors of clinical severity and mortality in patients with sepsis. Methods A prospective population cohort of 163 patients aged 18–97 years was recruited at the Intensive Care Unit of Pablo Arturo Hospital, Quito, Ecuador from 2017–2019 and followed up for 28 days. Patients were diagnosed with sepsis based on SEPSIS-3 septic shock criteria; in which the MPV and the MPV/P ratio were measured on days 1, 2, and 3. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and presence of septic shock assessed clinical severity. Mortality on day 28 was considered the fatal outcome. Results The average age of the patients was 61,15 years (SD 20,94) and female sex was predominant. MPV cutoff points at days 1, 2 and 3 were >9,45fL, >8,95fL and >8, 85fL; and (MPV/P) ratio >8, 18, >4, 12 y >3, 95, respectively. MPV at days 2 (9,85fL) and 3 (8,55fL) and (MPV/P) ratio at days 1 (4,42), 2 (4,21), and 3 (8,55), were predictors of clinical severity assessed by septic shock, which reached significance in the ROC curves. MPV and (MPV/P) ratio were also predictors of clinical severity determined by SOFA at days 1, 2, and 3, where higher values were observed in non-survivors reaching significance in all categories. MPV and MPV/P ratio at days 1, 2 and 3 were independent predictor factors of mortality using Cox proportional hazards model (HR 2,31; 95% CI 1,36–3,94), (HR 2,11; 95% CI 1,17–3,82), (HR 2,13; 95% CI 1,07–4,21) and (HR 2,38; 95% CI 1,38–4,12), (HR 2,15; 95% CI 1,14–4,06), (HR 4,43; 95% CI, 1,72–11,37) respectively. Conclusions MPV and the MPV/P ratio are predictors of clinical severity and mortality in sepsis. The MPV and its coefficient are indicators of the biological behavior of platelets in sepsis. They should be considered as a cost-effective and rapidly available tool that guides the treatment.
Introducción: la sepsis es la respuesta del huésped a una infección sistémica; sus formas severas (sepsis grave y choque séptico) afectan a millones de personas en el mundo, provocando la muerte a uno de cada cuatro pacientes (campaña de sobrevida a la sepsis). Pese a los avances tecnológicos que implican nuevos fármacos, investigación molecular, biomarcadores y estrategias terapéuticas, los logros alcanzados no permiten predecir la severidad del cuadro y anticipar la mortalidad.Objetivo: validar al volumen medio plaquetario (VMP), un valor reportado rutinariamente en el hemograma como predicitor de mortalidad en pacientes sépticos.Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo no experimental, en la unidad de terapia intensiva del hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez de Quito en el periodo julio de 2012 hasta octubre de 2014; el universo lo conforman todos los pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de sepsis que cumplieron los criterios deinclusión. Se consideraron las variables: VMP, contaje leucocitario, sitio de la infección, edad, género y condición al egreso.Resultados: el grupo de estudio se conformó con 87 pacientes; el sitio de infección más frecuente fue a nivel abdominal, seguido de pulmón y vías urinarias. El porcentaje de supervivencia fue 63,2%, dato que coincide con la mortalidad promedio a nivel mundial. Las curva ROC (AUC: 85,4) y la correlación lineal de Pearson (contaje leucocitario–VMP) (r: 0,94), confirman la utilidad del VMP como predictor de mortalidad en casos de sepsis.Conclusión: el volumen medio plaquetario igual o mayor a 8.5 fl predice adecuadamente la mortalidad en pacientes con sepsis.
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