Amostragens quantitativas de plâncton foram desenvolvidas no sistema estuarino de Itamaracá durante baixa-mares diurnas de fevereiro de 1995 a maio de 1996. Utilizou-se uma rede de plâncton de 300µm de abertura de malha e 60cm de diâmetro de boca. Foram registrados 49 taxa, inclusive 29 taxa de Decapoda. Os taxa mais abundantes foram Copepoda, zoeas de Brachyura, náuplios de Cirripedia, adultos de Lucifer faxoni, Chaetognatha, Appendicularia, ovos de peixe, Gastropoda, e zoeas de Upogebiidae. As zoeas de Brachyura examinadas (N=265) pertenceram ás famílias Ocypodidae, Grapsidae, Xanthidae e Leucosiidae. Larvas do caranguejo-uçá (Ucides cordatus) e de caranguejos chama-maré (Uca spp.), foram encontrados somente na área estuarina, indicando que não houve exportação de larvas destes grupos do estuário para a plataforma continental. Zoeas de Xanthidae e Grapsidae foram encontradas nas plumas estuarinas e na plataforma, porém em numero inferior. Análise de agrupamento e MDS (escala multidimensional), baseados em dados de abundância, não demonstraram nenhum padrão claro de agrupamento das estações ou dos taxa, indicando a existência de uma comunidade relativamente homogênea. Análise de correlação realizada com dados log10(x+1)- transformados de 19 taxa mostrou 39 correlações significantes entre os grupos. A alta variabilidade geral dos dados, tanto como a ocorrência de correlações positivas entre as abundâncias de muitos grupos na área de Itamaracá provavelmente são o resultado da agregação de macrozooplâncton em áreas de convergência. Palavras chave: Zooplâncton tropical, manguezal; larvas de Curstáceo Decapoda
Connectivity Between Coastal-Oceanic Zooplankton the reproduction and the trophic strategies were the main factors in structuring the community. We found a pelagic gradient for the zooplankton community varying from a low diverse eutrophic coastal area to a high diverse oligotrophic oceanic area, located over a varied, high biomass benthic habitat, which is mostly covered by calcareous algae functioning on the shallow shelf as a large reef system.
In the present work, spatial and seasonal fluctuations of the abundance and diversity of mesozooplankton are presented, with special attention being given to copepod assemblages from coastal area of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA) (3°50'24''S and 32°24'48''W). Sampling was carried out during the dry and rainy seasons of two consecutive years (July and December 2013) and (June and November 2014). A total of 37 mesozooplankton taxa were recorded, being the copepods the most diversified group (15 taxa). The Subclass Copepoda dominated in both periods sampled, comprising 53% and 86% of the total abundance in the dry and rainy season respectively. The species considered abundant were: Calanopia americana, Undinula vulgaris, Oithona plumifera and Corycaeus speciosus. The rainy season favored a significant increase in the abundance of mesozooplankton and copepods. However, a low value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was observed in this same seasonal period. This was explained by the dominance of the species C. americana and U. vulgaris in the studied area. Spatial differences have not been verified. The copepod assemblages was composed mostly by species considered as predator-carnivours of greater importance on the pelagic trophic web, indicators of oligotrophic conditions and components of a major portion of fish food items. Thus, we suggest that a spatially homogeneous mesozooplankton community characterizes the coastal area of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago with variations related mainly to the seasonal factor.
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