La innovación es una estrategia que promueve el desarrollo empresarial, la cual contribuye a mejorar los niveles de productividad; sin embargo, la efectividad de esta depende del encadenamiento de distintos factores, en función de las capacidades y las características de las organizaciones. INTRODUCCIÓN. Es fundamental analizar la influencia de la cultura organizacional en potenciar o reprimir la innovación empresarial. OBJETIVO. Determinar el tipo de cultura organizacional e innovación predominante, y analizar la correlación entre estos dos factores en las medianas y grandes empresas del Cantón Santo Domingo. MÉTODO. Mediante un estudio cuantitativo y correlacional a una muestra de 57 empresas utilizando técnicas cuantitativas aplicadas a gerentes. RESULTADOS. Las medianas empresas están caracterizadas por una cultura de mercado y las grandes empresas por una cultura jerárquica; el tipo de innovación, tanto en las medianas como en las grandes empresas es incremental, resaltándose la innovación en nuevos métodos organizativos y en procesos de producción. Los resultados de innovación no están relacionados a su cultura. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. La cultura organizacional no es un factor determinante para innovar, sino que constituye un elemento de soporte al proceso. La innovación responde a la necesidad de las empresas de mantenerse competitivas en el mercado.
This article is based on a circular economy (CE) case study in Llano Chico -Ecuador. Traditionally and according to Ellen MacArthur Foundation, the CE analyses the flows of matter and energy in order to close the loop of products through the specification of two spheres: biosphere and technosphere. However, this article highlights the importance of the 'humansphere', which is explained under the Human Development concept. The humansphere is explored in this case study where end of life tires (ELT) are reused in order to create a retaining wall for vulnerable spaces. Through this construction, the humansphere is analysed and with it, the participation of Llano Chico community as the work force and the receiver of knowledge transfer from academia, the participation of a ministry and a private company in the donation of ELT. This article sustains the importance of considering the humansphere in order to find all the opportunities hidden in the reuse of ELT and the development of inclusive CE business models. The ELT case study also brings to light a new area of debate in current CE academia: that the technological and biological sphere do not always function as independent cycles, but where the humansphere can draw an End of Life Product through one sphere and into the other. This is an eight-shaped figure of CE cycle.
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