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This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory of ethanolic extract of the leaf, fruit, and bark from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis [Park.] Fosberg) which is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Ethanolic extract of these compounds at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses was orally administered in chronic inflammatory rats induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant for 14 days to investigate their in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The maximum percentage of inflammation, serum levels of peroxide radicals, and liver superoxide dismutase activity were observed, and in vitro antioxidant was measured by using the scavenging of nitric oxide and 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals methods. Also, immunomodulatory activity was evaluated in mice by the relative weight of lymphoid organs, phagocytic index, delayed-type hypersensitivity response, and haemagglutinin titer. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content is in the leaf extract. Administration of leaf extracts Artocarpus altilis at 200 mg/kg dose showed a significant reduction in inflammation, decreased serum peroxide levels, and increased the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (p <0.05) compared to untreated rats. All three extracts also indicated in vitro antioxidant activity, with the leaf extract, was the most significant (p<0.05). The immunosuppressive effect of the leaf extract in the nonspecific and specific immune system was proven significant at 200 mg/kg dose. This result indicated that A. altilis leaf extract significantly revealed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunosuppressant activities at 200 mg/kg.

An investigation of the antidiabetic activity of Aqueous Extract and its fractions from a different polarity solvent: ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane of Dandang Gendis Leaves (Clinacanthus nutans Lindau) on Mile SwissWebster Mice has been carried out. The effect of aqueous extract of dose of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg BW was tested on glucose serum level of alloxan induced that mice. Its fractions were tested by glucose tolerance method. Aqueous extract (150 mg/kg BW) significantly decreased blood glucose serum level (pd"0,05) that had the same effect as oral glibenclamide (0,65 mg/kg BW) administrated once a day for 9 days. Aqueous extract that was fractionated has 5 fraction. Fraction of ethanol extract that was insoluble in ethyl acetate at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW was the most active fraction, that significantly (p<0,05) decreased blood glucose serum level of mice at glucose tolerance method of 18,4% in 3 hours after 2 g/kg BW of glucose administration. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of that fraction ethanol 95%-chloroform 9:2 as eluent gave 5 spots under ultraviolet ray and showed spesific compounds by qualitative test. Spot 1 (steroid) gave Rf 0,14; spot 2 and spot 3 that gave Rf 0,53 and 0, 67 were flavonoid, spot 4 (triterpenoid) gave Rf 0,77; and spot 5 (chlorophyll) gave Rf 0,89. This research show that this plant can used for hipoglicemic traditional medicine.

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