Mobile energy storage systems working with Zeolite in an open sorption system can utilize industrial waste heat in cases where a pipeline bound connection is not cost sufficient. A demonstration plant using extraction steam from a waste incineration plant to charge the storage with 130 °C hot air and an industrial drying process as customer 7 km far away from the charging station was built, operated and monitored over one year. The storage contains 14 tons of Zeolite and uses at the discharging station exhaust air from the dryer with 60 °C and 0.09 kg/kg humidity to realize a storage capacity of 2.3 MWh, saves 616 kg carbon dioxide per cycle and shows no degradation within accuracy of the measuring equipment. Maldistribution through the packed bed of zeolite prohibit the desired power output. The prime energy costs can be reduced down to 73 €/MWh considering a small scale mass production.

28According to the IPCC, societies can respond to climate changes by adapting to its 29 impacts and by mitigation, that is, by reducing GHG emissions. No single technology 30 can provide all of the mitigation potential in any sector, but many technologies have 31 been acknowledged in being able to contribute to such potential. Among the 32 technologies that can contribute in such potential, thermal energy storage (TES) is not 33 included explicitly, but implicitly as part of technologies such as energy supply, 34 buildings, and industry. To enable a more detailed assessment of the CO 2 mitigation 35 potential of TES across many sectors, the group Annex 25 "Surplus heat management 36 using advanced TES for CO 2 mitigation" of the Energy Conservation through Energy 37 Storage Implementing Agreement (ECES IA) of the International Energy Agency (AEI) 38 present in this article the CO 2 mitigation potential of different case studies with 39 integrated TES. This potential is shown using operational and embodied CO 2 40 parameters. Results are difficult to compare since TES is always designed in relation to 41 its application, and each technology impacts the energy system as a whole to different 42 extents. The applications analysed for operational CO 2 are refrigeration, solar power 43 plants, mobile heat storage in industrial waste heat recovery, passive systems in 44 buildings, ATES for a supermarket, greenhouse applications, and dishwasher with 45 zeolite in Germany. The paper shows that the reason for mitigation is different in each 46 application, from energy savings to larger solar share or lowering energy consumption 47 from appliances. The mitigation potential dues to integrated TES is quantified in 48 kg/MWh energy produced or heat delivered. Embodied CO 2 in two TES case studies is 49 presented, buildings and solar power plants. 50 51 52 53 Embodied CO 2 , 55 56 3 1 Introduction 57 58According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), societies can 59 respond to climate changes by adapting to its impacts and by mitigation, that is, by 60 reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions [1]. No single technology can provide all of 61 the mitigation potential in any sector, but many technologies have been acknowledged 62 in being able to contribute to such potential. Among these technologies thermal energy 63 storage (TES) is not included explicitly, but implicitly as part of technologies such as 64 energy supply (improved supply and distributions efficiency, renewable heat and power, 65 combined heat and power, concentrated solar power, etc.), buildings (more efficient 66 electrical appliances including heating and cooling devices, improved insulation, 67 passive and active solar design for heating and cooling, etc.), and industry (heat and 68 power recovery and advanced energy efficiency).69 70 The benefits of TES may not be evident since their effects are not immediate in some 71 cases or they are only appreciable under specific circumstances. A first attempt on 72 accounting for TES potential...

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