The intercrop between grasses and legumes is an alternative to maintain and increase animal production. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of grass-legume mixtures with or without supplementations on rumen fermentation, nutrient intake, and microbial protein synthesis. Six Holstein steers fitted with ruminal cannula were kept in a double 3 × 3 Latin square design. The treatments were: 1) oat, annual ryegrass, and supplement (GS), 2) oat, annual ryegrass, and vetch (GL), 3) oat, annual ryegrass, vetch, and supplement (GLS). Supplementation of ground maize was given daily at 11 h at 1% of body weight. Total digestible nutrient intake was higher in steers fed GS and GLS. Animals on GL ingested higher concentrations of nitrogen (N) compared to animals on GS and GLS diets. Ruminal pH and ammonia concentration were higher in GL. Grass-legume mixtures and supplements showed higher concentrations of sugar, α-amino acids, and peptides. The ruminal fermentative parameters, ruminal pH, ammonia, and sugars ranged cubically across the day. Microbial protein synthesis was similar amongst the treatments. Animals exclusively consuming temperate grass produce higher ruminal pH and ammonia concentrations. Therefore, using temperate legumes in pasture systems can be included in the cattle diet in lieu of utilizing energy supplements.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a suplementação de colina protegida da degradação ruminal em vacasleiteiras no período de transição relativo à produção e ao status energético. Foram utilizadas dez vacas da raça Holandesa selecionadas de acordo com a produção de leite da lactação anterior, sendo esta de 35 litros/dia nas primeiras três semanas de lactação. Dois grupos foram constituídos: controle (n = 5) e o grupo colina protegida (GCP) (n = 5) que recebeu 80g/dia de colina protegida durante 42 dias no período de transição. Avaliou-se a produção leiteira, níveis de colesterol, glicose sanguínea, cetonas séricas e a glicemia pós-infusão intravenosa de glicose (TTVG). Não houve diferença nos níveis de glicose, colesterol, no TTVG e na média de leite produzido diariamente. Entretanto, identificou-se diferença nos valores de cetonas séricas. Conclui-se que o uso de colina protegida reduz o risco de cetose e consequentemente de lipidose hepática.
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