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Detta är en tom sida! i PrefaceThe present master thesis has been made as an cooperation between the division of Structural Mechanics and the division of Theoretical and Applied Aesthetics at the Inst. of Technology at Lund University. The thesis consists of this book and a booklet, which both should be read together.We would like to thank our supervisors, Göran Sandberg and Morten Lund, for their engagement, guidance and good critic. To see you cooperate gave a supplement to our thought about our own cooperation.Also thanks to Kent Persson for being helpful with the programs we used and for giving good advice.Last we would thank our jury at our presentation for being part of making a great discussion. Object:The purpose of this thesis is to make a connection between architect students and engineers, to find the differences between us and to try to collaborate. We wanted to know how difficult the cooperation could be, if there were any difficulties at all and what the reasons were. We were interested in how you could make architecture develop in better collaborations and if the structure could be expressed in architecture. Method:The method was here to make ourselves Ginny pigs. We were ourselves supposed to collaborate in form finding. The form finding project was the architect competition, Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw. An outer form of the museum was found quite fast and the modifications were the large discussion areas.We have then discussed both the problems in our collaboration and what other people have written and said. Conclusion:With a better cooperation you can make more interesting buildings. If the engineer understands what the architects want, which impressions and expressions, he can try to find a solution that fits that but still is structurally efficient. And if the architect under stands how the engineer thinks, and how different structures work, he can try to find solutions that will hold, but without destroying the architectural design. This means that with a better understanding of each others needs we could help each other find the best solutions.

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After outlining introductory research on a proposed reinforcing system for adobe housing using straps cut from used car tires, the paper reports on full-scale tests. One dynamic and two static tests are described and results presented. The most significant outcome was that a single-room adobe house reinforced by tire straps successfully withstood the strong shaking that routinely collapses unreinforced adobe dwellings. The reinforced house strength, as measured during the shaking, exceeded the requirements of the Peruvian seismic code. This type of reinforced adobe can undergo large horizontal deformations without collapse. Design, construction, economic, and cultural issues are discussed prior to concluding that the proposed system can prevent collapse of adobe houses during damaging earthquakes.

Current seismic strengthening approaches to historic buildings place emphasis upon concealing engineering technologies. This study investigates, through a process of architectural and structural engineering design, the architectural possibilities inherent in a completely different approach. Recognizing both conservation concerns and the architectural qualities of two existing earthquake-prone buildings, the study explores seismic strengthening strategies that are exposed to view in order to contribute, in both a physical and aesthetic sense, a layer of architectural richness. A 1960s eight-story reinforced-concrete office building and a three-story unreinforced masonry building are the subject of theoretical seismic strengthening schemes. The paper describes the buildings, the strengthening approaches from both architectural and structural engineering perspectives, and comments on the outcome with respect to conservation guidelines. Although the proposed schemes challenge some sections of the guidelines, the authors believe the exposed structure enhances the existing architecture, and in so doing suggests an alternative approach for seismic retrofitting.