ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ragam ritual yang dilaksanakan oleh pembuat gamelan sebelum membuat gamelan dan hal yang melatarbelakangi pelaksanaan ritual tersebut. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Maret 2013 sampai dengan April 2015. Peneliti mewawancarai 6 dari 10 ahli pembuat gamelan di desa Wirun, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Pengamatan berpartisipasi bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data spesifik sebagai data primer. Sebagai data sekunder, penulis mengumpulkan data dari ilmuwan terkait dengan topik yang dibahas. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ahli pembuat gamelan memiliki pandangan hidup mereka sendiri dalam membuat gamelan. Pembuatan gamelan tidak hanya menempa bahan logam menjadi alat musik. Akan tetapi, bagi para ahli pembuat gamelan terdapat ritual pembuat gamelan meskipun setiap pembuat gamelan mempunyai pandangan tersendiri dalam melaksanakan ritual tersebut. Ritual-ritual yang dilaksanakan meliputi Slametan Gongso Ageng, berpuasa, tidak tidur semalaman (begadang) dan menghindari berhubungan seksual di malam sebelum pembuatan gamelan. Slametan Gongso Ageng hanya dilakukan dalam pembuatan gong yang diameternya lebih dari satu meter. Pelaksanaan ritual bertujuan untuk meminta berkah dari Tuhan untuk mencapai keberhasilan dalam proses pembuatan gamelan.

In the workplace, hard skills and soft skills are equally taken into account, especially in this 21 st century, where people are required to have 'global employability skills' to secure a good job. This study aims to determine the benefits of international mobility programs have on the ability of soft skills, especially in the aspects of communication, social skills and flexibility-as parts of 'global employability skills'-of students and alumni of a Vocational College within three years from 2017 to 2019. The research method used is by distributing questionnaires Google Form with Likert Scale format from strongly disagree to strongly agree scale 1-5. Research subjects were active students and graduates of Vocational College (Sekolah Vokasi) UGM who had participated in international mobility programs, both incoming and outgoing programs, organized by the OIA SV-UGM, in 2017-2019. The respondents were 60 people. The results showed that the developed soft skills were language and communication skills, interpersonal skills, teamwork, cultural understanding and adaptability and openness. Specifically for alumni, soft skills that are highly developed and helpful in the working world are adaptability and openness (82.9%), cultural understanding (74.3%), language and communication skills (71.4%), ability to work together (65.7%), and interpersonal skills (54.3%).

Performing ritual before making gamelan as one of stages of producing gamelan orchestra has changed. The decision of gamelan masters to perform ritual is affected by their worldview, socio-religious and economic changes in their surroundings. This research aims to identify contestation in gamelan making rituals especially the tensions that occur between old and new understanding of gamelan masters. The study was conducted from March 2013 to April 2015. Semi-structured interview was applied to 6 out of 10 gamelan masters in Wirun Village, Sukoharjo District, Central Java. The result finds that gamelan masters apply strategies such as purification, negotiation and commercialization to adapt to the changes in Wirun. These strategies occur based on the understanding of old and younger generation of gamelan masters in Wirun. Purification can be defined as gamelan masters attempt to purify their religious principle from other external influence. There are two types of purification conducted by gamelan masters; purification of Javanese belief and purification of Islamic teachings. Negotiation hitherto is a way for gamelan masters to perceive their religious perspective and Javanese traditions flexibly. While, commercialization is taken by gamelan masters who only perceive gamelan as an industrial commodity and who prioritize the market value disregarding religious values in making the gamelan. The strategies serve to allow gamelan masters to sustain their identity as gamelan craftsmen.

This research reveals some perspectives of multi-religious interaction in Sumberjo hamlet concerning the forms of tolerance and the role of the environment. Sumberjo Hamlet exemplifies social awareness in a variety of religious life and has successfully presented social solidarity among distinct traditions of each religious group. There are four major religions living in Sumberjo Hamlet, namely, Islam, Hindu, and Christianity (both Protestantism and Catholics). This research aims at finding the processes of multi-religious interaction in Sumberjo Hamlet, the form of religious tolerance, and the role of the religious environment in building multi-religious tolerance. Conducting a semi-structured interview to the villagers, religious leaders, and village official, the study reaches the following results, firstly, there are three forms of religious tolerance in Sumberjo hamlet, and these three categories are Understanding, Openness, and Respect. Secondly, there are three periods of multi-religious interaction in Sumberjo hamlet, these three periods are: exclusivism, Inclusivism, and Open Integralism,. Thirdly, there are some roles of environment which give contribution in social and individual life: Social consciousness, Social solidarity, and Social humanism

Performing ritual before making gamelan as one of stages of producing gamelan orchestra has changed. The decision of gamelan masters to perform ritual is affected by their worldview, socio-religious and economic changes in their surroundings. This research aims to identify contestation in gamelan making rituals especially the tensions that occur between old and new understanding of gamelan masters. The study was conducted from March 2013 to April 2015. Semi-structured interview was applied to 6 out of 10 gamelan masters in Wirun Village, Sukoharjo District, Central Java. The result finds that gamelan masters apply strategies such as purification, negotiation and commercialization to adapt to the changes in Wirun. These strategies occur based on the understanding of old and younger generation of gamelan masters in Wirun. Purification can be defined as gamelan masters attempt to purify their religious principle from other external influence. There are two types of purification conducted by gamelan masters; purification of Javanese belief and purification of Islamic teachings. Negotiation hitherto is a way for gamelan masters to perceive their religious perspective and Javanese traditions flexibly. While, commercialization is taken by gamelan masters who only perceive gamelan as an industrial commodity and who prioritize the market value disregarding religious values in making the gamelan. The strategies serve to allow gamelan masters to sustain their identity as gamelan craftsmen.