The G7 countries have clearly manifested tendencies in their national policó to implement reshoring in the context of the global trend towards economic disintegration. The degree and intensity of the return of production capacities to the national economies, the motives of the G7 countries for creating peculiarly favourable business conditions in the home country, the common and distinctive features in promoting reshoring for businesses are revealed. Specific cases of large companies (in particular MNCs) which are planning or already re-arranging their production facilities in the near future and, accordingly, are realigning global value chains are discussed. The current implications and future prospects for the G7 countries in their pursuit of reshoring policies are identified. A working hypothesis of reindustrialization is proposed as an explanation of the reshoring trend and the weakening propensity to offshoring.

Інтернету та електронної комерції зумовлюють необхідність розвитку систем електронних платежів, а також їх постійної адаптації під сучасні умови. У статті проаналізовано актуальний стан розвитку електронних платежів, систем, що їх забезпечують, розглянуто характеристики інструментів електронних платежів та поточна структура цієї галузі. Встановлено, що головними відмінностями між традиційними та електронними платіжними системами є питання безпеки та варіативність архітектури. Здійснено порівняння облікових та токенових систем із зазначенням їх переваг та обмежень. В статті акцентовано на тому, що одним із чинників трансформації електронних платіжних систем може бути поширення цифрових валют. Охарактеризовано основні технологічні тенденції, що визначатимуть майбутнє цифрових платежів. Відзначено значний вплив коронавірусної пандемії на розвиток електронних платежів. Встановлено, що мобільні платежі мають найбільший потенціал до зростання. Виокремлено ключові тенденції розвитку мобільних платежів. The growth of the Internet and e-commerce necessitates the development of electronic payment systems, as well as their constant adaptation to modern conditions. The purpose of the article is to highlight the financial technologies that mainly determine the current landscape of the electronic payments industry, as well as analyse the key trends in their development. The article analyses the current state of development of electronic payments, the systems that provide them, considers the characteristics of electronic payment tools and the current structure of this industry. It has been established that the main differences between traditional and electronic payment systems are security issues and architecture variability. A comparison of account-based and token-based systems

This paper is devoted to the study of cross-border mergers and acquisitions in an unstable and turbulent environment, as well as the impact of key global challenges on them. The relevance of the chosen topic is confirmed by the fact that the global economy has experienced a series of shocks in recent years, which have significantly affected the prospects for its development and caused many obstacles for international investment. Cross-border mergers and acquisitions are particularly vulnerable to such challenges and disruptions, as they involve complex negotiations and transactions that are subject to a wide range of economic and political factors. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of modern challenges on cross-border mergers and acquisitions in order to develop effective strategies for managing risk and maximizing value. This paper aims to provide insights into the complex and dynamic nature of cross-border mergers and acquisitions in the context of modern challenges. The article analyses the main trends of the cross-border mergers and acquisitions market, the dynamics of the number and value of mergers and acquisitions deals over the past three decades, and identifies changes in the market structure. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in economic uncertainties and disruptions to market conditions and international business models. The paper identifies significant changes in the due diligence process and in how deals are structured during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The Russian invasion of Ukraine has dealt another significant blow to cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The article characterizes the impact of Russian aggression against Ukraine on the global and Ukrainian crossborder mergers and acquisitions market. The war has increased inflationary pressures globally. The paper examines the effects of high inflation on cross-border mergers and acquisitions deals and the valuations of target companies. Central banks react to high inflation by raising interest rates, and the negative and positive impacts of high interest rates on cross-border mergers and acquisitions are analysed.

The article analyzes the economic causes and consequences of the trade and economic war between the USA and PRC. The authors note that the trade war provoked the effects of trade reorientation and the emergence of beneficiaries among third countries, but, due to the transfer mechanism of global value chains, the losses to the world economy can largely overlap the overall short-term gain from such trade substitution. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the trade and economic war between the USA and PRC on the Ukrainian economy. It is substantiated that Ukraine has also acquired certain export opportunities due to a decrease in the American share in the Chinese market. So, the extremely dynamic growth of Ukrainian exports to China, which has been observed in recent years, testifies to the above effect of reorientation and replacement of trade flows.

The article analyzes the economic causes and consequences of the trade and economic war between the USA and PRC. The chronology of the introduction of mutual trade barriers by these countries and a temporary compromise in the form of the first round of the Trade Agreement are considered. Based on the systematisation of estimates of the effects of additional trade tariffs, a contradictory (albeit asymmetric) effect on economic growth, investment and employment in these countries is shown, as well as a predicted increase in the overall negative effect for a significant number of countries in the medium term. The main scenarios of the possible development of trade and economic relations between the United States and China are considered. The authors note that the trade war provoked the effects of trade reorientation and the emergence of beneficiaries among third countries, but, due to the transfer mechanism of global value chains, the losses to the world economy can largely overlap the overall short-term gain from such trade substitution. It has been shown that any trade relocation takes time and has additional costs. Alternative suppliers may not have the same transactional supply efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the trade and economic war between the USA and PRC on the Ukrainian economy. It is substantiated that Ukraine has also acquired certain export opportunities due to a decrease in the American share in the Chinese market. So, the extremely dynamic growth of Ukrainian exports to China, which has been observed in recent years, testifies to the above effect of reorientation and replacement of trade flows. But, at the same time, the deterioration of world economic dynamics as a result of the trade and economic war increases the overall risks for the Ukrainian economy, especially in the medium term. In the context of the current economic policy of Ukraine, the issue of maximizing the utilization of industrial export opportunities to China and expanding the export of goods with higher added value remains important.