False aneurysm or visceral artery pseudoaneurysm (VAPA) results from a tear in the vessel wall due to trauma with subsequent periarterial haematoma formation. VAPA is relatively rare, with a reported incidence of 0.1–0.2%, although the actual incidence is not known since many are asymptomatic. Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm is even more rare pathology. Only around 200 cases have been described in the literature. The case report below describes a spontaneous rupture of splenic artery pseudoaneurysm.

Accidental fall was the 11th leading cause of death in Australia in 2020. It is essential to promptly diagnose traumatic diaphragmatic injury as a complication of thoracoabdominal blunt trauma and make a decision about an urgent surgical intervention, especially if there is a suspected herniation of internal organs into the thoracic cavity. This case report describes the clinical, intraoperative and computed tomography findings of traumatic diaphragmatic injury and ruptured gastrothorax.

Rare finding of a large parathyroid adenoma with thyroid aplasiaA 63-year-old lady presented with asymptomatic hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism. The previous history includes hypothyroidism since the age of 6 (on a total thyroxine replacement of 900 mcg/week), anterior mediastinal cyst, vitamin D deficiency and osteoarthritis.Routine blood examination performed by general practitioner (GP) found a serum calcium level of 3.06 mmol/L. Further workup showed parathyroid hormone (PTH) of 26 nmol/L and osteoporosis in the lumbar spine.Parathyroid scintigraphy with 99mTc-sestamibi (Fig. 1) revealed an methoxyisobutylisonitrile-avid right lower neck lesion with persistent uptake on delayed views, possibly within the right thyroid lobe. Computed tomography and ultrasound suggested an enlarged heterogeneous right thyroid lobe with cystic areas and absence of the left lobe.

Colonic diverticular disease is a common medical condition throughout the world. It is one of the most common findings during the endoscopic evaluation of the colon, such as colonoscopy. A retrospective cohort single-centre study was carried out for all patients referred for colonoscopy with positive immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT) results in 2016-2018, mostly within The National Bower Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) in QLD, Australia. The cohort of 319 patients were isolated from all iFOBT-positive individuals with such finding as a diverticular disease. Colonic diverticulosis affected the patients above 43 years old with positive iFOBT, more males than females in this study. In most cases, colonoscopy consisted of benign findings, and diverticular disease was revealed in 47.7% of the patients with such indication for colonoscopy as positive iFOBT. 28.8% of the patients were diagnosed with colonic diverticulosis only. The sigmoid colon was affected by diverticulosis in 96.2% of the cases. Overall, the colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis rate of 2.7% for the patients in the positive FOBT cohort (Group A) is comparable with other studies. However, the diverticulosis group's CRC rate of 1.6% (Group B) was lower than in available published data.