Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a quite frequent, painful, ulcerative disease that affects the lining of the oral cavity and has an unknown etiology. The aim of this article is to examine the impact of the medication proaftol on epithelization speed and severity of pain in patients with RAS. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study respondents were divided into two groups where one group was treated with proaftol spray and the other with a placebo. Aphthae considered for treatment had a diameter of 5-6 mm. The participants were given instruction on the use of the spray, two sprayings on the place of the aphtae 3-4 times a day. We examined two parameters in the symptomatology of RAS-lesion size (mm) and pain intensity (noted on four subjective levels: 0-no pain, 1-discomfort, 2-moderate pain, 3-severe pain). These parameters were noted on the baseline, the third, the fifth and the eighth days of examination.Results: A significant faster reduction of the dimension of aphthous ulcers in patients treated with proaftol 3rd day p < 0.001, 5th day p < 0.0006, 8th day full epithelization in the control group. The magnitude of pain in the experimental compared with the control group on 3rd, 5th and 8th day was also significantly reduced: p < 0.0001, p < 0.007, p < 0.007 respectively.Conclusion: The use of proaftol positively influences the rate of epithelization and reduction of subjective feeling of pain in patients with RAS. The action of propolis should be the goal of studies with a larger number of subjects.

Introduction: The present study aimed to assess the presence of main types of microorganisms involved in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic periodontitis with PCR technique and determinates the presence of composite IL-1 genotype and their associations with founded bacteria. Material and method: The examined group was consisted from 20 subjects with diagnosed chronic periodontitis and 20 healthy control without periodontitis. Clinical parameters like gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment lost (CAL) were determinates. Subgingival dental plaque was collected using a sterilized paper point. We used Parodontose Plus test, reverse hybridization kit, for the detection of periodontal marker bacteria, as well as for the detection of composite Interleukin -1 Genotype Results: The most present bacterial species detected from subgingival dental plaque was Treponema denticola and Porfiromonas gingivalis which was present in 65% of examined patients. In relation to the presence of positive genotype in patients, there was no significant difference between the test and control group for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00). For χ2=8,17 (p=0,06, p<0,05) there is an association between Prevotella intermedia, and composite genotype. Between positive genotype and analyzed bacterial species A. actinomycetem comitans for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00), P. gingivalis for p> 0.05 (p = 0.16), T. Forsythia for p> 0.05 (p = 0.20), T. Denticola for p> 0.05 (p = 0.64) no association was found. Conclusion. This investigations confirmed the strong association of these five examined periopathogenes with periodontitis.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a therapeutic modality to achieve bone regeneration with the use of barrier membranes. The use of deproteinized bovine bone material (DBBM) for ridge preservation allows the preservation of the edentulous ridge dimensions. Here, we present a case of horizontal GBR using DBBM and a resorbable membrane, with simultaneous implant placement. Simultaneously, ridge preservation of the pontic area, using DBBM within a “socket seal” procedure was performed. Two implants were places at sites 23 and 26 to support a fixed partial denture (FPD). The mesial implant showed exposed buccal threads, which were then covered with autogenous bone particles and small size granules of DBBM. The collagen membrane was stabilized with periosteal mattress suture. Six months postoperatively, CBCT images revealed a stable buccal bone layer at the implant site, indicating a successful GBR procedure. At this point in time, tooth 24 was atraumatically extracted. A ridge preservation was done utilizing DBBM, and a soft tissue graft form the tuber. A ceramic-metal FPD with excellent “white aesthetics” and a harmonic transition zone to the soft tissue was fabricated. At 3 years follow up, the peri-implant bone levels were stable, and the clinical outcomes were excellent. It is concluded that a GBR procedure, utilizing DBBM and a collagen barrier membrane with simultaneous implant placement, as well as ridge preservation using DBBM, are predictable therapeutic methods. However, gentle manipulation of the soft tissues, and wound stability, with tension-free passive closure of the wound margins are prerequisites for a long-term clinical success.

Background : The stable peri-implant crestal bone is highly dependent on the vertical soft tissue thickness. The subcrestal implant placement and the flattening of the alveolar ridge with simultaneous epicrestal implant placement are two of the few methods to increase vertical soft tissue thickness and avoid or minimize crestal bone loss. Aim/Hypothesis : The aim of this study was to register and compare the crestal bone loss that occurs in subcrestally placed bone-level implants with the crestal bone loss in epicrestally placed bone-level implants in flattened alveolar ridges, both in patients with vertically thin soft tissues. Materials and Methods : 20 two-piece, bone-level implants with platform-switching conical implant-abutment connection were placed in 8 patients with vertically thin tissues of 2 mm or less. They were divided into control group (subcrestal group-10 implants) and test group (epicrestal group in flattened ridges-10 implants). All implants were placed in a one-stage manner in the posterior mandible. Subcrestal implants were places 1.5-2 mm below bone level, while epicrestal implants were placed after reducing the ridge height by 2 mm. The primary stability was determined through implant stability quotient using RFA instrument. All implants were restored with screw retained single crowns or fixed partial dentures. The crestal bone level changes were measured on intraoral radiographs at mesial and distal reference points at the time of implant placement and one year post final restoration delivery. The statistical significance was set to P < .05. Results : One year after final restoration delivery, the mean bone loss values, calculated from the implant platform to the first implant-bone contact at subcrestal implants were 0.65 ± 0.35 mm while at epicrestal group 0.58 ± 0.45 mm, showing no statistically significant difference. Conclusions and Clinical Implications : Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that subcrestally placed platform-switched implants did not preserve crestal bone better in comparison with epicrestally placed platform switched implants in flattened ridges. Both methods are equally effective in maintaining stable bone levels around implants.