Emergency cases, especially in surgery field, are still a major problem globally, therefore, health centers have to provide a better preparation to face such cases. This was a retrospective descriptive study. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of the 10 major cases in emergency department of surgery from January to December 2015 at Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital. The results showed that the case distribution was predominated by non-traumatic case (70.13%), males (64.45%), and age group of 45-64 years (33.05%). The major cases registered in Emergency Department of Surgery was 1) epidural haematome (3.55%), followed by 2) subarachnoid haemorhage (2.45%); 3) injuries of thorax and intrathoracal organs (1.95%); 4) appendicitis (1.89%); 5) fractures of the shoulder and upper arm (1.68%); 6) sepsis (1.51%); 7) fracture of femur (1.45%); 8) injury of abdomen and intraabdominal organs (1.43%); 9) hernia inguinalis (1.18%); and 10) paralytic ileus and intestinal obstruction (1.12%). Conclusion: The majority of cases were males, aged 45-65 years, and non-traumatic cases,.Keywords: Emergency Department, surgery, major case Abstrak: Kasus gawat darurat khususnya di bidang ilmu bedah, masih merupakan masalah global. Oleh karena itu di berbagai pusat kesehatan yang telah mengetahui tingkat kejadian kasus kegawatdaruratan spesifik harus melakukan persiapan lebih baik. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif untuk mendapatkan profil 10 besar kasus di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Bedah RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Januari-Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi terbanyak ialah kasus non-trauma (70,13%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (64.45%) dan usia 45-64 tahun (33,05%). Penyakit terbesar tercatat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Bedah ialah: 1) epidural hematom (3.55%); 2) perdarahan subaraknoid (2,45%); 3) cedera dada dan organ dalam dada (1,95%); 4) apendisitis (1,89%); 5) fraktur bahu dan lengan atas (1,68%); 6) sepsis (1,51%); 7) fraktur femur (1,45%); 8) cedera perut dan organ dalam perut (1,43%); 9) hernia inguinalis (1,18%); dan 10) ileus paralitik dan obstruksi intestinal (1,12%). Simpulan: Pada studi ini, mayoritas kasus ialah laki-laki, usia 45-64 tahu, dan kasus non trauma. Kata Kunci: Instalasi gawat darurat, bedah, kasus tersering

Background Viral infection can compound the severity of pre-existing inflammation caused by underlying diseases. For those with a chronic, immune-related condition such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) serves to exacerbate the inflammatory burden. Serum levels of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a primary mediator of cell adhesion express in the inflammatory process, are often used to indicate the gravity of all inflammatory conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate serum ICAM-1 levels before and after debridement in patients with DFUs who were also diagnosed as COVID-19 positive compared with those who were COVID-19 negative. Methods 20 patients with DFUs were screened for COVID-19 and then divided into COVID-19 positive and negative groups according to the results. Before debridement, chest x-rays and blood analysis, including ICAM-1 serum levels, were performed in both groups. Only ICAM-1 serum levels were measured after debridement. Results Of the 20 patients included in this study, 55% were male (n = 11) and 45% were female (n = 9). The mean age was 52.9 ± 1.9 years. ICAM-1 levels in patients with DFU in the COVID-19-positive group were significantly higher than those in the COVID-19-negative group (median 317.2 vs 149.2, respectively; p < 0.001). Serum levels of ICAM-1 reduced significantly in patients with DFU in the COVID-19-positive group were significantly higher than those in the COVID-19-negative group after debridement (median 312.5 vs 130.3; p < 0.001). Conclusion ICAM-1 serum levels represent an additional, initial screening marker for COVID-19.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as stromal cell proliferation of prostate gland which causes enlargement of the gland. It manifests as urine flow disturbance, difficult to urinate, and desire to urinate, however, the urine emission is low. In 2013, Indonesia has 9.2 million cases of BPH among men aged over 60 years. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of BPH cases at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in the period of January 2014 to June 2017. This was a retrospective descriptive study at Medical Record Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. The results showed that during that period of time, the highest percentage of cases was in 2016 (38.46%) and the most common age group was 61-70 years old (46.15%). The main complaint among the patients was difficult to urinate and the most frequently performed action was transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) (51.28%). Conclusion: In this study, BPH cases were most common at the age group 61-70 years old. Moreover, TURP was the most common action performed.Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia Abstrak: Benigna prostat hiperplasia (BPH) didefinisikan sebagai proliferasi dari sel stromal pada prostat, yang menyebabkan pembesaran kelenjar tersebut. Manifestasi BPH dapat berupa terganggunya aliran urin, sulit buang air kecil (BAK), dan keinginan buang air kecil namun pancaran urin lemah. Pada tahun 2013 di Indonesia terdapat 9,2juta kasus BPH, umumnya diderita laki-laki berusia di atas 60 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kasus BPH di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2014 – Juli 2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif , yang dilakukan di Instalasi Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kasus BPH tertinggi pada tahun 2016 (38,46%) dan pada kelompok usia 61-70 tahun (46,15%). Keluhan utama semua pasien ialah sulit BAK. Tindakan yang paling sering digunakan yaitu transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) (51,28%). Simpulan: Kasus BPH terutama ditemukan berusia 61-70 tahun. Tindakan yang paling sering dilakukan yaitu reseksi prostat transuretra (TURP).Kata kunci: benigna prostat hiperplasia

Traffic related death and trauma are major health problems in developing countries. Traffic accident needs multidisciplinary approach. Data regarding the profile of traumatic patients due to traffic accidents are still limited especially in Indonesia. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of traumatic patients due to traffic accidents admitted to the emergency unit of Surgery Department, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, from 1st January to 31st December 2017. This was a descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of the patients. Samples were all traumatic patients due to traffic accidents admitted to the emergency unit of Surgical Department. The results showed that of 173 patients the majority were as follows: adults 121 patients (69.9%), males 123 patients (71.1%), drivers 113 patients (65.3%), bikers 138 patients (88.5%), without using safety equipment 93 patients (59.6%), negative alcohol 141 patients (81.5%), head trauma 91 patients (52.6%), and outpatients as many as 130 patients (75.1%).Keywords: trauma, traffic accident Abstrak: Trauma dan kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas (KLL) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di negara berkembang. Kecelakaan lalu lintas memerlukan penanganan dengan pendekatan multidisipliner. Data tentang profil pasien trauma akibat KLL terbilang masih sedikit khususnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil pasien trauma akibat KLL yang dirawat di Instalasi Rawat Darurat Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 1 Januari s/d 31 Desember 2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunkan data rekam medik pasien. Sampel penelitian ialah semua pasien trauma akibat KLL yang dirawat di Instalasi Rawat Darurat Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 173 pasien KLL, didapatkan yang terbanyak ialah pasien usia dewasa 121 orang (69,9%), jenis kelamin laki-laki 123 orang (71,1%), pengendara 113 orang (65,3%), pengguna motor 138 orang (88,5%), tidak memakai alat pengaman 93 orang (59,6%), negatif alkohol 141 orang (81,5%), trauma kepala 91 orang (52,6%), dan rawat jalan 130 orang (75,1%).Kata kunci: trauma, kecelakaan lalu lintas

Diabetic ulcer is a condition of infection, ulceration, and or destruction of inner skin tissue related to neurological disorders and degrees of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetic patients. Diabetic ulcer is prone to infection due to decreased immune response, therefore, opportunistic microbes can become pathogens. Infection is sttill a serious problem in diabetic ulcer since the high cost and long duration of treatment lead to complicated neclected ulcer. This study aimed to obtain the present profile of microbes in diabetic ulcers and the effectivitveness of peracetic acid dan feracrylum in the treatment of diabetic ulcers. This was a descriptive analytical study. The ulcer degree was determined by using PEDIS criteria. Pus specimen was taken with a sterile technique using a transport media, cultured in the Baxtec machine, and the microbes were identified and further tested for sensitivity to peracetic acid dan feracrylum 1%. The results showed that of the 57 patients there were 36 females with a mean age of 58.77+ 9.077 years. Most of the patients (30 patients) had diabetic ulcers of 4th degree. The result of pus culture showed Gram negative Proteus mirabilis as the most frequent microbe (17.5%). The sensitivity test showed that 100% of 12 types of microbes, 83.3% of Citrobacter diversus, and 60% of Proteus mirabilis samples were sensitive to peracetic acid, meanwhile, all microbes were resistant to feracrylum 1% dan NaCl as controls,. Conclusion: Peracetic acid was more effective than feracrylum 1% as topical antimicrobial for diabetic ulcer.Keywords: diabetic ulcer, microbe, topical antimicrobial agentAbstrak: Ulkus diabetik adalah suatu kondisi adanya infeksi, ulserasi dan atau kerusakan jaringan kulit yang lebih dalam yang berhubungan dengan kelainan neurologik serta berbagai tingkatan peripheral arterial disease (PAD) pada penderita diabetes melitus (DM). Ulkus diabetik lebih mudah terinfeksi karena respons kekebalan tubuh penderita DM biasanya menurun, bahkan kuman oportunistik juga dapat menjadi patogen. Infeksi masih menjadi masalah yang paling serius dialami penderita ulkus diabetik oleh karena biaya pengobatan yang besar dan waktu perawatan yang lama sehingga ulkus sering dibiarkan terinfeksi dengan komplikasi tanpa perawatan adekuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data terkini pola kuman penderita ulkus diabetik dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas asam perasetik dan feracrylum pada pola kuman ulkus diabetik. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif analitik. Derajat ulkus dinilai dengan kriteria PEDIS. Spesimen pus diambil secara steril dengan media transpor, ditanam dalam mesin Baxtec, kemudian dilakukan identifikasi kuman dan uji sensitivitas terhadap asam perasetik dan feracrylum 1%. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 57 penderita ulkus diabetik terbanyak ialah perempuan (36 penderita) dengan rerata usia 58,77+9,077 tahun. Sebagian besar ulkus diabetik (30 penderita) termasuk derajat 4. Hasil kultur memperlihatkan Proteus mirabilis (Gram negatif) yang tersering (17,5%). Hasil uji sensitivitas pola kuman memperlihatkan 100% sampel dari 12 jenis kuman, 83,3% dari Citrobacter diversus, dan 60% dari Proteus mirabilis sensitif terhadap asam perasetik, sedangkan terhadap feracrylum 1% dan NaCl sebagai kontrol, seluruh kuman telah resisten. Simpulan: Asam perasetik lebih efektif dibandingkan feracrylum 1% sebagai antimikroba topikal pada ulkus diabetik.Kata kunci: ulkus diabetik, mikroba, antimikroba topikal