Background The impact of COVID-19 towards psychology and mental health is anticipated to be significant and may affect the population disproportionately, especially adolescent as the vulnerable category. We aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 towards adolescents’ mental health. Main body A systematic search was conducted from Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed. Inclusion criteria included all types of studies which observed the effect of COVID-19 and its related causes, such as lockdown, on adolescents’ mental health. All studies were assessed for its level of evidence according to Oxford 2011 criteria and Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Three studies (Seçer and Ulaş, Int J Ment Health Addict: 1–14, 2020; Zhou et al., Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29:749–58, 2020; Qu et al., Lancet: 1–17, 2020) showed that COVID-19 was a risk factor for mental health problems in adolescents while Oosterhoff et al. (J Adolesc Health 67: 179–185, 2020) showed that adolescents who preferred to stay at home during this pandemic reported less anxiety and depressive symptoms Conclusion COVID-19 has been found to be associated with mental health changes in adolescents which meant management of COVID-19 should also focus on mental health as well.

Hyperuricemia is a disease that is characterized by high uric acid levels, in which the number of victim increase year by year in the worldwide. Flavonoid is an active compound with inhibitory activity towards Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme which is a compound that plays a role in the formation of uric acid in the body. Sansevieria trifasciata is an ornamental plant which is also useful as a source of antibacterial and antioxidant agent. Studies of S. trifasciata as Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme inhibitor have not been reported. This research isolate flavonoid compounds using open column chromatography from crude extract of S. trifasciata leaves that extracted by sonication method. There are six eluent used to isolate flavonoid which are methanol : ethyl acetate, chloroform : ethyl acetate, chloroform : ethyl acetate : methanol. Wilstater test is used to select the fraction that rich of flavonoid. The best result from isolation step that contains flavonoid is assessed the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase. It is analyzed qualitative using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The inhibition percentage showed that fraction 3 was potential to inhibit XO by 85.48 %. LC-MS chromatogram can show that crude extract and positive fraction of isolation were containing falvonoid.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by elevated blood glucose levels above normal values (hyperglycemia). Natural ingredients that contain hypoglycemic substances, can become an alternative treatment of DM, i.e. mother-in-law’s tongue leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata), which is known to contain flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloid, and steroids that have anti-diabetic activity. The goal of this research is to obtain mother-in-law’s tongue leaves crude extract which has the highest anti-diabetic activity as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. The result showed that from all solvents used, which is aquadest, 70% ethanol, and 70% ethyl acetate, extracted with 70% ethanol has the highest yield value, which is 12.69%. The percentage of inhibition α-glucosidase was 90.72% at the inhibitor concentration of 4708.71. This shows that the extract with 70% ethanol has the required bioactive compound content to act as the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor. Based on the identification of compounds found in the sample mother-in-law's tongue leaves extract with 70% ethanol using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), compounds that have anti-diabetic activity is steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tocopherol, and flavonoid.

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