Latar belakang. Kejadian hiponatremia pada anak pasca-operasi berkisar antara 20-40%. Hiponatremia yang tidak terdeteksi dapat meningkatkan mortalitas dan menyebabkan luaran neurologis yang buruk. Beberapa mekanisme yang berperan adalah sindrom hormon antidiuretik tidak tepat (SHATT) dan sick cell syndrome (SCS). Tujuan. Mengetahui insidens hiponatremia pada anak pasca-operasi, kemungkinan penyebab yang melatarbelakangi, serta faktor yang berhubungan. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang analitik dilakukan di ruang perawatan intensif terhadap anak berusia 1 bulan sampai 18 tahun yang menjalani tindakan operasi mayor dan masuk ruang perawatan intensif pediatrik RSCM selama bulan Mei sampai Desember 2016. Hasil. Terdapat 65 subyek menjalani operasi mayor, 87,69% dilakukan secara elektif, jenis operasi terbanyak adalah hepatogastrointestinal (38,46%) dan muskuloskeletal (20,00%). Kadar natrium plasma pasca-operasi turun, kejadian hiponatremia 43,07% dan 26,16% pada 12 dan 24 jam pasca-operasi. Nilai osmolalitas plasma yang normal atau meningkat dan osmolalitas urin >100 mOsm/kg. Sebanyak 70% subyek hiponatremia memiliki natrium urin >30 mEq/L. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan hiponatremia 12 jam pasca-operasi adalah status kegawatdaruratan operasi (p=0,007) dan perdarahan intraoperatif (p=0,024), sedangkan pada 24 jam pasca-operasi hanya status kegawatdaruratan operasi (p=0,001). Kesimpulan. Terdapat 43,07% dan 26,16% subyek yang mengalami hiponatremia pada 12 dan 24 jam pasca-operasi mayor. Sindrom hormon antidiuretik tidak tepat tidak terbukti menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya hiponatremia, dan hiponatremia translokasional pada SCS mungkin berperan. Hiponatremia pasca-operasi berhubungan dengan status kegawatdaruratan operasi dan jumlah perdarahan intraoperatif. Sari Pediatri 2017;19(2):63-70Kata kunci: hiponatremia, pasca-operasi, hormon antidiuretik, sick cell sydrome Hyponatremia in Post-surgery Pediatric Patients: Etiology and Its Related FactorsAngelina, Antonius H. Pudjiadi, Setyo Handryastuti, Idham Amir, Evita B. Ifran, Mulya R. KaryantiBackground. The incidence of hyponatremia in post-surgery pediatric patients is 20-40%. Undetected hyponatremia correlates with higher mortality and poor neurology outcomes. There are several mechanisms in post-surgery hyponatremia, such as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone and sick cell syndrome. Objective. To establish the incidence of hyponatremia among post-surgery pediatric patients, possible etiologies, and its related factors. Method. Observational analytic study was conducted forchildren aged 1 month until 18 years old after underwent major surgery in CM hospital pediatric intensive care unit, between May and December 2016. Results. There were 65 subjects underwent mayor surgery, mostly (87.69%) were elective surgery. The most common surgeries were hepato-gastrointestinal (38,46%) and musculoskeletal (20,00%) surgery. There was significant reductionof plasma natrium after surgery, with hyponatremia incidence at 12 and 24 hours post-surgery were 43.07% and 2...
Latar belakang. Pemberian lipid parenteral secara dini dan agresif sering tidak optimal karena dikhawatirkan terjadinya sepsis. Hubungan antara pemberian lipid parenteral dengan kejadian sepsis masih kontroversial. Tujuan. Menilai keamanan dan efikasi pemberian lipid parenteral secara dini dan agresif dalam hal hubungannya dengan kejadian sepsis pada bayi prematur melalui telaah sajian kasus berbasis bukti. Metode. Menelusuri pustaka secara online dengan menggunakan instrumen pencari Pubmed, Cochrane, dan Highwire. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah "lipid ", "fat", "parenteral", preterm", "premature", "low birth weight". Batasan yang digunakan adalah studi berupa uji klinis, telaah sistematik, atau meta analisis, berbahasa Inggris, dilakukan pada manusia, publikasi dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil. Meta-analisis oleh Vlaardingerbroek dkk menunjukkan pemberian lipid parenteral secara dini pada bayi prematur dengan BBLSR tidak meningkatkan insidens sepsis (risk ratio 0,88; IK95% 0,72-1,08; p=0,22). Meta-analisis oleh Simmer dan Rao tidak dapat dilakukan karena definisi sepsis yang tidak seragam, walaupun masing-masing penelitian tidak menunjukkan peningkatan kejadian sepsis pada kelompok yang mendapat lipid parenteral kurang dan sama dengan lima hari setelah lahir. Uji acak terkontrol oleh Ibrahim dkk dan Vlaardingerbroek dkk menunjukkan pemberian lipid parenteral 2-3 gram/kgBB/hari segera setelah lahir tidak meningkatkan kejadian sepsis yang bermakna secara statistik. Kesimpulan. Pemberian lipid parenteral secara dini dan agresif pada bayi prematur tidak terbukti berhubungan dengan kejadian sepsis neonatorum. Sari Pediatri 2016;18(4):332-8Kata kunci: prematur, lipid parenteral, sepsis Early and Aggresive Parenteral Lipid Administration for Premature Babies: Its Association with Sepsis Angelina, Rinawati RohsiswatmoBackground. Early and aggresive parenteral lipid is often not optimal because of sepsis complication. However, the relationship between parenteral lipid administration and sepsis remains controversial. Objective. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of early and aggresive parenteral lipid in context of sepsis incidence in premature babies, by evidence-based case study presentation. Methods. Online browsing using Pubmed, Cochrane, and Highwire. The key words are "lipid", "fat", "parenteral" preterm "," premature "," low birth weight ". Inclusion criteria are clinical study, systematic review, or meta-analysis written in English, conducted in humans, publish in the last 10 years. Result. Meta-analysis by Vlaardingerbroek et al showed that early and aggresive parenteral lipid for very low birth weight premature babies did not increase the incidence of sepsis (risk ratio 0.88; CI 95% 0.72-1.08; p=0.22). Meta-analysis by Simmer and Rao could not be conducted because of varying definition of sepsis, but every study showed that there was no increased incidence of sepsis in group receiving parenteral lipid within five days after birth. Randomized controlled trial by Ibrahim et al and Vlaardingerbroek et al showed t...
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