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In an electronic nose, the most important component is the sensor array and the classification accuracy of an electronic nose that depends significantly upon the choice of the sensors in the array. While deploying an electronic nose for a specific application, it is observed that some of the sensors in the array may not be required and only a subset of the sensor array contributes to the decision. Thus, the number of sensors used in the electronic nose may be minimized for a particular application without affecting the classification accuracy. In many cases, the sensor array produces an imprecise, incomplete, redundant, and inconsistent dataset and thus the classification accuracy degrades due to these redundant sensors. The rough set theory is a mathematical tool capable of selecting the most relevant and nonredundant feature from such datasets. In this paper, the notion of rough set theory is utilized for pattern classification in an electronic nose with black tea samples and at the same time optimization of the sensor set is carried out.

The purpose of this paper is to offer a machine vision approach for classifying cocoa beans based on their morphological properties. Using traditional machine learning approaches, the shape and size of cocoa beans were retrieved from photographs. A series of image processing techniques are used to extract the features from the photos. Finally, typical machine learning approaches such as KNN, SVM, Decision Tree, and Random Forest are used to divide the cocoa beans into four groups: large, medium, small, and rejected. A comparison of different methodologies is also carried out. Two optimization strategies, Univariate Selection and Feature Importance, are used to maximize retrieved features prior to training the model. For performance analysis, trained models are evaluated using stratified K-fold cross validations and the mean cross validation score is produced. The Random Forest Classifier has the greatest accuracy score of 0.75, according to the results of the experiments. Keywords: Cocoa beans, Classification, Image processing, Machine Learning, Feature Optimization.

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