RESUMOAvaliou-se o efeito do balanço eletrolítico (BE) em rações com diferentes níveis de eletrólitos para suínos na fase de crescimento criados em alta temperatura. Foram utilizados 200 suínos machos castrados, com peso inicial de 25,3±1,3 kg e final de 68,8±3,4 kg, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições com dez animais por unidade experimental, para a fase de crescimento T1(testemunha) ração sem suplementação de eletrólitos 191 mEq/kg; T2 (NaHCO 3 ) ração suplementada bicarbonato de sódio (NaHCO 3 ) 250 mEq/kg; T3 (NaHCO 3 +KCl) ração suplementada NaHCO 3 e cloreto de potássio (KCl) 250 mEq/kg; T4 (NaHCO 3 ) ração suplementada NaHCO 3 300 mEq/kg; e T5 (NaHCO 3 +KCl) ração suplementada com NaHCO 3 e KCl 300 mEq/kg. As variáveis avaliadas foram consumo de ração, ganho de peso, consumo de nitrogênio, consumo de lisina, eficiência de utilização de nitrogênio para ganho, eficiência de utilização de lisina para ganho, conversão alimentar e os parâmetros fisiológicos, frequência respiratória e temperatura retal. Foi coletado sangue para mensurar as concentrações sorológicas de Na, Cl e K. A temperatura média foi 29,65±3,80º C com UR do ar 69,6±10,4%, Temperatura do Globo Negro de 31,95±1,98º C e Índice de Temperatura do Globo Úmido em 80,51±2,44. Os níveis de BE reduziram (P<0,05) consumo de ração e melhoram o consumo de nitrogênio. Os demais parâmetros de desempenho avaliados não foram afetados pelos diferentes balanços eletrolíticos (P>0,05). A correção do BE não influenciou o desempenho dos suínos.Termos para indexação: Equilíbrio ácido base, estresse calórico, bicarbonato de sódio, cloreto de potássio. ABSTRACTThe effect of electrolyte balance (EB) in diets with different levels of electrolytes for growing swine under high environmental temperature was evaluated. Two hundred castrated pigs with initial weight of 25.3±1.3 kg and final weight of 68.8±3.4 kg were allotted in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and four replicates with 10 pigs per experimental unit, for the growing phase T1 (control) diet without electrolyte 191 mEq/kg; T2 (NaHCO 3 ) diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) 250 mEq/kg; T3 (NaHCO 3 +KCl) diet supplemented with (NaHCO 3 ) and potassium chloride (KCl) 250 mEq/kg; T4 (NaHCO 3 ) diet supplemented with (NaHCO 3 ) 300 mEq/kg; T5 (NaHCO 3 +KCl) diet supplemented with NaHCO 3 and (KCl) 300 mEq/kg. The performance parameters evaluated were: feed intake, daily gain, nitrogen intake, lysine intake, efficiency of nitrogen use for weight gain, efficiency of lysine use for weight gain and the gainto-feed ratio and the physiological parameters, respiratory frequency and rectal temperature. Blood was colleted to measure serum concentration of Na, Cl and K. The average temperature was 29.65±3.80º C with relative humidity of 69.6±10.4%, Black Globe Temperature of 31.95±1.98º C and temperature index calculated of 80.51±2.44. The levels of EB decreased (P<0.05) the feed intake and improved nitro...
Brazil has a climate that favors the development of fungi, however it is known that these cause changes in grain quality affecting animal production and consequently swine farming. Strategies are needed such as planting preventions, as well as strategic decision-making to minimize the problems caused by mycotoxins in feed production. Mycotoxins are toxic substances resulting from the metabolism of various fungi found in the environment. In addition to impairing the immunity of pigs at different ages, they facilitate the emergence of diseases and consequently reduce the weight gain of the animals, especially the piglets causing an increase in mortality in the maternity or nursery. This bibliographic review aimed to compile information on recent inclusions of mycotoxin adsorbents efficiently used in piglet diets without compromising on meat quality and zootechnical parameters.
Longevity of productive life in dairy cattle is a characteristic difficult to evaluate. This measurement is complicated, in part, because the phenotype is expressed late in the life of the animal, but also because the methods of evaluation are complex. The molecular bases of longevity are still far from being fully understood, although some genes begin to be associated with this characteristic. In this short communication will be discussed the criteria for selection in dairy cattle and to report some studies evaluate the molecular bases of longevity; your progress and current perspectives of selection by genic information.
Qualidades das águas fornecidas por bebedouros destinados ao consumo humano e sua relação com a saúde Water quality provided by drinking fountains for human consumption and its relationship to health
RESUMO.O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar dados coletados em 11 propriedades que abastecem um frigorífico de Santa Catarina. Foram analisados 2.691 suínos abatidos no ano de 2016 sobre as principais causas de condenações de vísceras vermelhas ou comestíveis em abates. Foram identificadas as seguintes causas por condenações de carcaças: pneumonia enzoótica 52,08%, aspiração por sangue 20,28%, aspiração por líquido 17,01%, aderência de pleura 3,04%, atelectasia pulmonar 0,89%, enfisema pulmonar 0,18%, abscesso pulmonar 0,26%, pleuropneumonia 2,52%, lesão por Ascaris suum 16,05%, perihepatite 1,89%, cirrose hepática 3,04% e pericardite 6,91%. As principais condenações foram por pneumonia enzoótica, aspiração por sangue, lesão por Ascaris suum e pericardite. Durante a inspeção as lesões podem ser provenientes de diferentes fatores, entre eles, falhas no processo tecnológico de abate, ausência de um programa de vacinação e erros de biossegurança nas propriedades, associado com o manejo precário. Diante disso, a redução da prevalência das lesões que culminam em condenação das carcaças pode ser minimizada com o treinamento de funcionários para minimizar as perdas econômicas na indústria e para os produtores de suínos juntamente com um rigoroso controle sanitário nas granjas. Palavras-chave: carcaças, inspeção sanitária, lesões post mortem, suínos terminados Economic damages by condemnation of viscera in red of pigs slaughtered Santa CatarinaABSTRACT. The present work has as objective, with data collected in 11 properties that provide a refrigerator of Santa Catarina. A total of 2.691 pigs slaughtered in 2016 were analyzed as the main causes of condemnation of red or edible viscera in slaughter. Encephalic pneumonia 52.08%, blood aspiration 20.28%, fluid aspiration 17.01%, pleural adhesion 3.04%, pulmonary atelectasis 0.89%, pulmonary emphysema 0.18%, pulmonary abscess 0.26%, pleuropneumonia 2.52%, Ascaris suum lesion 16.05%, perihepatitis 1.89%, cirrhosis 3.04% and pericarditis 6.91%. As main condemnations for enzootic pneumonia, blood aspiration, Ascaris suum injury and pericarditis. During the inspection as lesions can be disclosed of different factors, associated with precarious management, absent from a vaccination program and biosafety errors in properties, associated with poor management. In view of this, a reduction in the prevalence of injuries that culminate in condemnation of carcasses can be minimized by training employees to minimize economic losses in industry and to pig producers with strict sanitary control on farms.
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