One of the goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is to conserve natural resources, such as water, soil, air, and others. Poorly treated industrial effluents discharged into nearby water streams contribute to water pollution. This problem is notably worse among small- and medium-scale industries, such as the local batik industry, which cannot afford proper and costly wastewater treatment facilities in their premises. Batik entrepreneurs should adopt environmentally friendly methods by using currently available technologies. Therefore, this phenomenological study investigated the environmental awareness of three batik entrepreneurs in Malaysia via interviews. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The batik entrepreneurs have adopted different batik making processes but employed almost similar batik waste disposal methods. Despite some level of environmental awareness among the batik entrepreneurs, they still practiced poor environmental batik making and disposal methods due to the lack of affordable technology. The lack of exposure to environmental education, open mindset, the socio-cultural practice of batik making, and production cost influences environmental awareness among batik entrepreneurs. Authorities should advocate green batik making and regulate rules for any malpractice. Future studies should explore the effective technologies used to dispose of batik waste effluents to enable batik entrepreneurs to adopt environmentally friendly batik making and waste disposal methods.

This study attempts to support the preparation, setup and implementation of innovation for informal science learning that help students with technology application in physics topic. There are 349 students were selected as the sample of this study, in two STEM activities during International Scout STEM Camporee. Following the module developed for informal learning activity, the data collection focus using a survey focus on the learning opportunities created by the module for technology application. Teaching technology application in formal setting is known challenging due to syllabus con-straints. Here, fluid mechanics is a branch of physics knowledge that relates directly with the technology application. The innovation in the informal sci-ence learning module has a specific focus on the technology application of fluid mechanic. Post and pre-test were conducted. The post-test was con-ducted to investigate prior understanding of fundamental fluid mechanic concepts during the designing stage with the students’ ability to make infer-ence. Descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation were used as the data analysis methods. The finding shows that most of the students did have an initial idea of science concepts such as buoyancy, density, weight of mini Titanic, and Archimedes’ principle. However, their ability to make inference and observation is weakly correlated and not significant. This findings show that students are capable to produce observations and inferences when technology application is brought into discussion during informal science learning. As a conclusion, for informal science learning, it is important for educators to consider the outcomes for students’ learning because the opportunities for students to tap into their prior knowledge from self-determination can be easily achieved within this setting. This study proposes important measures during informal science learning environment to maximize the learning opportunities.

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