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The UNCTAD is a forum which was created to further the needs and concerns of the developing and the least developed countries and carry forward their developmental goals in the world. Since its inception, ten conferences have been held. UNCTAD XI was another step towards bridging the gap between the developed and the developing countries in the form of dialogue and action. The failure of Cancun Ministerial Conference in 2003 and subsequent apathy and frustration of developing and LDCs in the multilateral trading system led to creation of UNCTAD XI. This eleventh session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development took place in Sao Paulo on 13-18 June 2004. The overall theme of this 2004 ministerial event (UNCTAD XI) was “enhancing the coherence between national development strategies and global economic processes towards economic growth and development, particularly of developing countries”. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the role of UNCTAD XI in reference to the previous experiences of the various development tasks undertaken by UNCTAD in coherence to trade issues.