ABSTRAK   Banyaknya pengangguran di wilayah Tangerang serta diiringi oleh tingginya permintaan pekerja Migran Indonesia dari negara yang memiliki kontrak kerjasama dengan negara Indonesia sehingga masyarakat bersedia menjadi PMI dengan tujuan agar mendapatkan kehdupan yang lebih baik. Jenis Pekerja Migran Indonesia pada sektor formal yang digolongkan kedalam jenis Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang bekerja pada pemberi kerja yang berbadan hukum. Aturan yang mengatur tentang persyaratan penerbitan paspor bagi calon pekerja migran Indonesia diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 8 Tahun 2014 tentang Paspor Biasa dan Surat Perjalanan Laksana Paspor. Surat Rekomendasi penerbitan paspor dari Dinas Ketenagakerjaan sebagaimana merupakan salah satu syarat penerbitan paspor bagi calon pekerja migran Indonesia, namun dalam implementasinya di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I Non TPI Tangerang calon pekerja migran Indonesia khususnya pada sektor formal sering tidak mengurus penerbitan surat rekomenasi penerbitan paspor dari Dinas Ketenagakerjaan karena berbagai alasan. Oleh karena itu dijelaskan implementasi peraturan terhadap calon PMI yang mendaftarkan penerbitan paspor di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I Non TPI Tangerang apakah aturan terhadap calon PMI sektor formal tersebut sudah optimal. Sehingga perlu adanya optimalisasi terhadap aturan yang mengatur tentang persyaratan penerbitan paspor bagi calon pekerja migran Indonesia khususnya pada sektor formal yang belum optimal. Hal ini dilihat dari sistem keimigrasian pada saat entry data hanya calon pekerja migran sektor informal saja yang diwajibkan menginput ID PMI sedangkan untuk calon pekerja migran Indonesia pada sektor formal tidak menginput ID PMI sehingga proses entry data bisa dilanjutkan. Maka urgensi dari surat rekomendasi penerbitan paspor dari Dinas Ketenagakerjaan hanya difokuskan kepada calon pekerja migran Indonesia pada sektor informal saja tidak terhadap calon pekerja migran Indonesia sektor formal.   Kata Kunci: optimalisasi, aturan, pekerja migran Indonesia, formal     ABSTRACT   The high number of unemployed in the Tangerang area and accompanied by the high demand for Indonesian Migrant workers from countries that have a cooperation contract with the Indonesian state so that people are willing to become PMI with the aim of getting a better life. Types of Indonesian Migrant Workers in the formal sector are classified into the types of Indonesian Migrant Workers who work for employers who are legal entities. The rules governing passport issuance requirements for prospective Indonesian migrant workers are regulated in the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 8 of 2014 concerning Ordinary Passports and Travel Letters Like Passports. Recommendation letter for issuing passports from the Manpower Office as one of the requirements for issuing passports for prospective Indonesian migrant workers, but in its implementation at the Immigration Office Class I Non TPI Tangerang prospective Indonesian migrant workers, especially in the formal sector, often do not take care of issuing recommendation letters for issuing passports from the Manpower Office for various reasons. Therefore, it is explained that the implementation of regulations for PMI candidates who register for passport issuance at the Class I Non-TPI Tangerang Immigration Office is explained whether the rules for PMI candidates in the formal sector are optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the rules governing the requirements for issuing passports for prospective Indonesian migrant workers, especially in the formal sector which is not yet optimal. This can be seen from the immigration system at the time of data entry, only prospective migrant workers in the informal sector are required to input PMI ID, while prospective Indonesian migrant workers in the formal sector do not enter PMI ID so that the data entry process can continue. Therefore, urgency of the recommendation letter for passport issuance from the Manpower Office is only focused on prospective Indonesian migrant workers in the informal sector, not on prospective Indonesian migrant workers in the formal sector.   Keywords: optimization, regulation, Indonesian Migrant Workers, formal

Refugees often portrayed in a negative light. However, Refugees are an asset for the host countries, in particular over longer term.  This research explores to what extent refugees contribute an economic benefit for the hosts. In particular, this research’s specific research question is as follows: Do refugees harm or benefit host countries’ local jobs? This research uses a method of literature review. This research reviews the literatures to understand the key questions in the comprehension of host country benefits. It argues that refugees contribute an economic benefit for the receiving countries and do not harm the local jobs of the host countries. The findings in the research are as follows: first, the specific benefits refugees offer for the longer-term economic development of the host countries. Second, most of the refugees work in low-skilled jobs and do not harm local people’s jobs. Conversely, refugees can assist low-skilled local workers lift their skills and work into a higher wage and occupation set. Third, politicians together with the media have the most significant role in shaping the public’s perspective towards refugees. Fourth, the proper approach of integration policy leads to empowerment of refugees. Access to employment is the most significant government input to benefit the national economy. Finally, refugees can be an asset rather than a burden in the longer term. This effect is particularly the case in the second and third generations.

Indonesia is one of the largest contributors to migrant workers in ASEAN. The large number of Indonesians who have links to become Indonesian Migrant Workers or PMI have started to cause unrest with the criteria for non-procedural Indonesian migrant worker who work without using valid or incomplete documents. The existence of non-procedural migrant worker poses a greater risk of crimes that can occur to migrant workers, considering that they are non-procedural migrant workers who are not bound and protected by the law that works on Indonesian Migration Workers, namely Law Number. 18 of 2017. Membership is not the broad coverage of this legal basis, coupled with the low level of public understanding of the law, and the consequences of its mistakes and weak law enforcement are the main causes of the circulation of non-procedural migrant workers which eventually become victims of crimes that may occur such as exploitation, abuse, national, persecution, smuggling, and human trafficking to become victims of murder. Immigration as a government agency associated with indonesian migrant worker carries out its function partly as public and legal service. Law enforcement carried out by immigration officials, namely monitoring to providing criminal acts, is a form of law enforcement carried out by immigration to provide protection to PMI and prevent non-procedural PMI sending.

Continuing education is the right for every student. In this case, high school or equivalent students have the right to proceed to a higher level. Colleges become solutions. However, every prospective student must precisely determine the steps and precisely prepare them. The Indonesian Student Communications Forum (FMKI) conducts mentoring or socialization for prospective learners to determine their future through an alternative college of high School. The Immigration Polytechnic also has a sense of responsibility for the next generation of Indonesian immigration officer. Therefore, this mentoring has a positive impact in two directions, prospective learners and the Immigration Polytechnic

Abuse is applying something that is not what it should be. Foreigners often try this matter by violating the provisions of the time limit for a stay permit (overstay). Immigration law enforcement in this matter must really be enforced so that this matter does not happen again. Based on Law No. 6 of 2011 on Immigration, to prevent abuse of residence permits and law enforcement against foreigners who violate the requirements of a residence permit, monitoring of administrative completeness is intended for foreign citizens who enter Indonesian territory and take administrative actions. as well as legal remedies through a legal panel process. In this matter, it means to improve Human Resources (HR) in all aspects of immigration