Background and objectives Population-based data on urinary calcium excretion are scarce. The association of serum calcium and circulating levels of vitamin D [25(OH)D 2 or D 3 ] with urinary calcium excretion in men and women from a population-based study was explored.Design, settings, participants, & measurements Multivariable linear regression was used to explore factors associated with square root-transformed 24-hour urinary calcium excretion (milligrams per 24 hours) taken as the dependent variable with a focus on month-specific vitamin D tertiles and serum calcium in the Swiss Survey on Salt Study.Results In total, 624 men and 669 women were studied with mean ages of 49.2 and 47.0 years, respectively (age range=15-95 years). Mean urinary calcium excretion was higher in men than in women (183.05 versus 144.60 mg/24 h; P,0.001). In adjusted models, the association (95% confidence interval) of square root urinary calcium excretion with protein-corrected serum calcium was 1.78 (95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 2.34) mg/24 h per milligram per deciliter in women and 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 20.11 to 1.29) mg/24 h per milligram per deciliter in men. Men in the third 25(OH)D 3 tertile had higher square root urinary calcium excretion than men in the first tertile (0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.36 to 1.63 mg/24 h per nanogram per milliliter), and the corresponding association was 0.32 (95% confidence interval, 20.22 to 0.85) mg/24 h per nanogram per milliliter in women. These sex differences were more marked under conditions of high urinary sodium or urea excretions.Conclusions There was a positive association of serum calcium with urinary calcium excretion in women but not men. Vitamin 25(OH)D 3 was associated with urinary calcium excretion in men but not women. These results suggest important sex differences in the hormonal and dietary control of urinary calcium excretion.

Traditional knowledge of plants and their properties always has been transmitted from generation to generation through the natural path of everyday life. Food habits of the indigenous population across the globe are very abnormal when compared to that of civilized people. The forest related tribal scientific studies of edible wild plants are extremely constructive to know the nutritional values of the forest indigenous foods and help to eliminate the malnutrition problems in vulnerable group. The existing study was undertaken with an intention and documented 34 exceptional plant species belonging to 15 families with their medicinal values, taxonomical names and nutritional profile. Among the 34 indigenous plant foods, the frequently available and consumed plant foods by particularly vulnerable tribal group Chenchu tribes were selected for nutritional investigation including proximate composition, mineral and vitamin analysis. Results show that the nutritional values of the edible indigenous plant foods are prominent compared to frequently consumed foods available in market. The present study observed that the conventional and nutritional information on wild plant foods is on sharp decline. Unless efforts are made to educate the present generations about the importance of these foods, which may be lost in near future. These studies could contribute significantly to Government policies to improve food security and helps to progress health and nutritional status in marginally deprived tribal communities in India, and in the enhancement of wild vegetable status, whose potential as sources of nutrition is currently undervalued.

Background: Obesity in children and adolescents is gradually becoming a major public health problem in many developing countries including India, Worldwide obesity has nearly tripled over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 are overweight or obese, the increase is more in children than adult. The magnitude of overweight ranges from 9% to 27.5% and obesity ranges from 1% to 12.9% among Indian children, more in urban than rural area. The current study was carried out to find out the prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors among school children in selected municipal and private school. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in selected municipal and private co-educational schools in Mumbai, Maharashtra, 200 students of 9th standard were selected by Simple Random Sampling technique. Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to elicit the associated factors includes family and individual characteristics of study population. Medical examination was conducted on every Student, it included recording of height, weight, and clinical examination. Height was recorded with the help of stadiometer and weight was recorded using electronic weighing machine with an accuracy of 0.1 kg. BMI in respect of all the students was computed and compared with the standard BMI- for-age chart of WHO. Overweight considered with BMI is between 23.0- 24.9 kg/m2, and Obesity: >25 kg/m2 Result: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was found 8% and 14.5% respectively in high school children, only 37% children were in normal weight. Based on BMI status overweight and obesity were observed 11% and 23% in private school, 5% and 6% in municipal school respectively. There were significant association of overweight/obesity with parental qualification; individual risk factors like type of diet, use of junk/fast food, eating habits like eat while watching TV/ mobile, less physical exercise etc. observed among school children. Conclusions: Children of high school belonging to middle socioeconomic group with less outdoor activities and consuming junk foods were more predisposed to overweight and obesity in urban area. To prevent childhood obesity there is a need to educate to all stakeholders, inculcates healthy life styles among children and encouraging children for more physical activity and by incorporating Health and Nutrition education in school curriculum.

Un traitement spécialisé applicable aux soins généralistesCet article présente les bases du « Good Psychiatric Management » (GPM) pour le trouble de la personnalité borderline. Il existe pour ce trouble différents traitements psychothérapeutiques fondés sur les preuves. Les exigences importantes que ceux-ci représentent en termes de formation et de motivation ont parfois comme effet de décourager les thérapeutes en formation. Le GPM décrit des soins « suffisamment bons », accessibles et moins difficiles à implanter. Cet article présente le concept d'hyper sensibilité interpersonnelle qui décrit la cohérence interne du trouble et fonde les interventions thérapeutiques. Le GPM est basé sur l'application de principes, ce qui lui donne une adaptabilité importante, par exemple pour l'intégration avec d'autres modèles d'intervention ou des soins par paliers. Good Psychiatric Management for Borderline Personality Disorder A Specialized Treatment Applicable in General Care This article presents basic notions of "Good Psychiatric Management" (GPM) for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). There have been several evidence-based psychotherapeutic treatments for BPD for several decades. Nevertheless, high requirements and motivation required sometimes have a discouraging effect for trainees. GPM aims at offering « good enough » and less difficult to implement care. This article presents the notion of Interpersonnal Hypersensitivity and its different attachment states (attached, threatened, abandoned, and desperate) describing internal coherence of BPD and founding therapeutic interventions. GPM is principle based, thus is highly adaptable, as can be seen in integration with other intervention models or implementation of stepped care.