A 63-year-old man with a history of chronic renal impairment on a stable dosage of simvastatin developed rhabdomyolysis after the addition of ranolazine to his medication regimen.
The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose. Editable websites may contain inaccurate, incomplete, and/or outdated information that may mislead the public's perception of the topic.Objective: To evaluate the editable, online descriptions of clinical pharmacy and pharmacist and attempt to improve their accuracy.Methods: The authors identified key areas within clinical pharmacy to evaluate for accuracy and appropriateness on the Internet. Current descriptions that were reviewed on public domain websites included: 1) clinical pharmacy and the clinical pharmacist, 2) pharmacy education, 3) clinical pharmacy and development and provision for reimbursement, 4) clinical pharmacists and advanced specialty certifications/training opportunities, 5) pharmacists and advocacy, and 6) clinical pharmacists and interdisciplinary/interprofessional content. The authors assessed each content area to determine accuracy and prioritized the need for updating, when applicable, to achieve consistency in descriptions and relevancy. The authors found that Wikipedia, a public domain that allows users to update, was consistently the most common website produced in search results.Results: The authors' evaluation resulted in the creation or revision of 14 Wikipedia webpages.However, rejection of three proposed newly created webpages, impacted the authors' ability to address identified content areas with deficiencies and/or inaccuracies. Despite documentation of the reliability of Wikipedia information as compared to other reputable and peer-reviewed publications, the accuracy and up-to-dateness of the information correlates with the contributor and may be subject to misinformation. METHODOLOGYThe charge of the ACCP Publications committee was to review current descriptions of clinical pharmacy and pharmacy related subject areas in public electronic media as well as to propose revisions and updates to current websites. Based on recommendations from the ACCP Board of Regents and committee discussions, it was determined that the committee's research focus would be on public domain references including, but not limited to Internet search engines. content areas, utilized the search terms developed and agreed upon by the larger committee (Table 1).Following the initial key term search, the subcommittee reviewed the resulting public and private websites for content area relevancy. The websites' content was assessed for consistency and accuracy along with inclusion of appropriate referencing based on a comparison to reputable sources, such as peer-reviewed publications and/or position papers from national pharmacy organizations, to limit potential reviewer bias. Additionally, some evaluated websites were not consistently updated and many included outdated material.Among all content areas, Wikipedia was the most prominent search result, being one of the first, if not the first, result on the search engines' results pages. Furthermore, Wikipedia is an editable website; therefore, the committee decided to focus their evaluation and ef...
Objective. To identify and address areas for curricular improvement by evaluating student achievement of expected learning outcomes and competencies on annual milestone examinations. Design. Students were tested each professional year with a comprehensive milestone examination designed to evaluate student achievement of learning outcomes and professional competencies using a combination of multiple-choice questions, standardized patient assessments (SPAs), and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) questions. Assessment. Based on student performance on milestone examinations, curricular changes were instituted, including an increased emphasis on graded comprehensive cases, OSCE skills days, and use of patient simulation in lecture and laboratory courses. After making these changes, significant improvements were observed in second and third-year pharmacy students' grades for the therapeutic case and physician interaction/errors and omissions components of the milestone examinations. Conclusion. Results from milestone examinations can be used to identify specific areas in which curricular improvements are needed to foster student achievement of learning outcomes and professional competencies.
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