Both science and those active within the societal entrepreneurship area need further knowledge and understanding about the phenomenon. By identifying and mapping out processes within societal entrepreneurship, opportunities to create knowledge and understanding are created. The purpose of this study has been to empirically study processes within societal entrepreneurship initiatives and compare them with a theoretical process map. The purpose has also been to confirm and develop this map. Three cases of societal entrepreneurship have been studied. Several data sources have been used to find activities and tasks within the initiatives. These have then been analysed using the process map. The empirical studies have confirmed and developed the theoretical process map that shows how societal value is crated within societal entrepreneurship. A process map of the societal entrepreneurship area that seems to cover general principles is presented.

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to study management processes within successful societal entrepreneurship to further understand the role of management in customer value creation. Design/methodology/approach-Management in three successful societal entrepreneurship initiatives has been studied. Data have been collected through interviews, direct observation, participant observation and documentation. Management tasks, activities and behaviours have been identified and analysed from a system view. Findings-The result presents essential management processes important for societal customer value creation, their input, output and main focus. Some management processes are interrelated and are sometimes part of another management process. The management seems driven by "need", "opportunity", "interest" and "demand", when creating societal customer value. From a system perspective, management has an indirect role in societal customer value creation and is important for possibilities to create societal customer value. Both the initiative and the surroundings have been found to be of importance to the management's scope for contributing to societal customer value creation. Originality/value-The study provides the possibility to understand and learn from management, the management processes and their role in societal customer value creation. Thereby, it describes how to successfully provide customer value to society and work with societal, environmental and sustainability issues.

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