Summary:Objectives. The primary objective of the study was to test toothbrushes with different types of filaments (conical vs. rounded) with respect to cause gingival abrasion after surgical intervention of wisdom teeth. A secondary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of plaque removal and the improvement of gingival conditions to alleviate wound healing and to avoid gingivitis. Methods. One hundred and seventy-three healthy subjects with surgical intervention of wisdom teeth participated in a randomized, single blind study and were randomly allocated to control group (standard ADA reference toothbrush) or test group (meridol ® special toothbrush with conical filaments). Clinical examinations included gingival abrasion, plaque index and gingival index, and were conducted at baseline, 7 and 28 days. Results. For the gingival abrasion the mean number of lesions of all sizes was after 28 days significantly lower in the test group (p-value <0.001) compared to control group. Plaque index was not significantly different between the two groups in the last visit. At day 28 the gingival index was significantly lower in the test group (p=0.031) compared to control group. Conclusions. The toothbrush with conical filaments induced significantly less gingival abrasions than the standard ADA toothbrush and showed superior results in improving gingival health (gingival index). Both toothbrushes were comparable effective with respect to plaque removal. Clinical Relevance. Scientific rationale for study: Supra and sub-gingival biofilm leads to gingival inflammation. Post-surgical removal of the biofilm from gingival surfaces promotes healing after wisdom tooth extraction. Tooth brushing leads to gingival abrasion. Earlier investigations with toothbrushes having conical filaments suggest less gingival tissue damage. Principal findings: The results showed that the toothbrush with conical filaments caused significantly less gingival abrasions than the toothbrush with rounded filaments. Practical implications: Toothbrush filament design should be considered when choosing toothbrush for oral hygiene after oral surgery.

Aim: The goal of the pilot study was to compare the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis in the Presov region with or without the support of a self-help group. Design: The character of this pilot study on patients with MS was related to the use of self-help groups and their impact on the assessment of the quality of life of the respondents, with the help of a questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Methods: The research was carried out in the Prešov region with the help of the standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Ninety-one patients with MS participated in the pilot study (46 respondents attended a self-help group and 35 did not). Results: The groups, when compared, aided by the statistically evaluated WHOQOL-BREF domains, were found to show significant differences in their evaluation of quality of life in three domains: domain one: physical health; domain two: surviving; domain three: social relations. Better scores were achieved in these domains by those who attended a group. In the physical sphere, we noticed significant differences in sleep quality, and sexual satisfaction (p < 0.001), while in social and economic areas, there were significant differences in satisfaction with personal relationships (p < 0.001), and economic circumstances (p < 0.01), self-contentment (p < 0.01), and coping with negative feelings (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with multiple sclerosis can live normal lives provided they are supported by their families, friends, health care professionals, and self-help groups.

Katedra ošetrovateľstva, Fakulta zdravotníckych odborov, Prešovská univerzita v Prešove, Slovenská republika ABSTRAKT Východiska: V roku 2008 viaceré medzinárodné spoločnosti prezentovali nové nutričné odporúčania týka-júce sa prevencie alergických ochorení. Zmeny v odporúčaniach sa dotýkali dĺžky dojčenia, veku integrácie prvého príkrmu a zavedenia potenciálne alergénnych potravín do jedálnička dieťaťa. Cíl: Cieľom výskumu bolo posúdiť vplyv rodinnej alergickej anamnézy na zavedenie prvého nemliečneho príkrmu a potenciálne alergénnych potravín do jedálnička dojčaťa. Metody: Prierezová štúdia bola realizovaná u 405 slovenských matiek v období októbra 2011 až apríla 2012. Deti respondentov boli zaradené do 2 skupín: deti s alergickou predispozíciou a deti bez alergickej predispozície. Pri štatistickom vyhodnotení bol použitý Mann-Whithey test a test logistickej regresie. Výsledky: Vek integrácie 1. príkrmu sa nelíšil s ohľadom na alergickú predispozíciu detí. Citrusové ovocie, ryby, vaječný bielok, jogurt, syr, tvaroh a kravské mlieko boli integrované štatisticky skôr deťom bez alergickej predispozície, kým kefírové mlieko štatisticky skôr deťom s alergickou predispozíciou. Závěry: Napriek existencii nových preventívnych postupov sa matky riadia pri integrácii potenciálne alergénnych potravín starými odporúčaniami. Preto je potrebné zvýšiť povedomie opatrovateľov detí o nových nutričných preventívnych postupoch. ABSTRACT Background:In 2008, several international associations presented the new nutritional recommendations for the prevention of allergic diseases. e changes in the recommendations are concerned the length of breastfeeding, the age of the integration of first weaning food and the introduction of potentially allergenic foods into the infant diet. Aim: e goal of the research was to assess the effect of family history of allergy to introduce first weaning food and potentially allergenic foods into the infant diet. Methods: In the period October 2011 to April 2012, we performed the cross-sectional study in 405 Slovak mothers. e children of the respondents were grouped in two categories: children with allergic predisposition and children without allergic predisposition. We used Mann-Whithey test and logistic regression. Results: e age of the integration the first weaning food was not different with respect to allergic predisposition of children. Citrus fruit, the fish, egg white, yogurt, cheese, cottage cheese, and cow's milk were integrated statistically sooner in children without allergic predisposition, while kefir milk statistically sooner in children with allergic predisposition. Conclusions: Despite the existence of new preventive recommendations, the mothers introduced of potentially allergenic foods by old recommendations. It is therefore necessary to raise awareness of carers of children about new nutritional preventive procedures.KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA alergická predispozícia, nemliečny príkrm, dojča, potenciálne alergénne potraviny KEY WORDSallergic predisposition, weaning food, infant, potentially al...

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