Introduction. Existential attitudes distinguished by G. Reker express the meaning of life and affect the way individuals perceive themselves, the reality as well as their ability to cope with challenges. Thus, it can be assumed that life attitudes also determine burnout understood as a syndrome of psychological symptoms that occur in professionally active people due to chronic occupational stress. Objective. The aim of the study is to examine which existential attitudes determine burnout in nurses employed in rural primary healthcare settings in Poland Material and methods. The study sample comprised 120 nurses employed in rural primary healthcare settings in Poland. The Life Attitude Profile-Revised (LAP-R) adapted by R. Klamut and The Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ) adapted by A. Jaworowska were used in the research. Results. The stronger the belief of the surveyed nurses concerning life goals they possess and the more internally coherent they are, the lower psychophysical exhaustion they experience. Whereas, psychophysical exhaustion rises with an increase in the need for introducing changes in life. Relationship deterioration and disillusion decrease with the level of engagement in seeking new goals in life. The sense of professional ineffectiveness drops if the belief of the nurses that they possess life goals gets stronger. Moreover, the stronger the meaning of life becomes, the stronger the professional ineffectiveness of the nurses is. Conclusions. The analyses performed proved that some existential attitudes are predictors of burnout in nurses employed in rural areas. The research results can be applied in the development of prevention and aid programs to enhance the quality of nurses' personal and professional performance.

Motivational interviewing (MI) is a clinical, person-centred way of talking about change based on cooperation and aimed at strengthening a person, enhancing their motivation, and commitment to change. The phenomenon of the type of communication lies in its interdisciplinary character and effective application in health promoting education. The purpose of the article is to present the method of MI and possibilities of using it in the practice of obesity reduction on the basis of literature review reports on MI in health promotion delivered in the databases of, among others, PubMed and Scholar Google. The numerous research findings prove that MI is an effective intervention, which activates and supports people in the process of change due to bolstering their self-awareness, self-efficacy, and motivation, which, consequently, favours the effort made to achieve or maintain health. The potential of the approach in health promotion relies on the vast array of its application.

Wprowadzenie. Problem wypalenia zawodowego u pracowników służby zdrowia zajmuje szczególne miejsce w badaniach dotyczących tego zjawiska, ponieważ to właśnie te profesje są szczególnie narażone na wypalenie zawodowe i wymagają stałego monitorowania i podejmowania interwencji nastawionych na zmniejszenie jego występowania. Niniejsza praca jest przeglądem i krytyczną analizą piśmiennictwa dotyczącego wypalenia zawodowego u pracowników zawodów medycznych oraz próbą przybliżenia wybranych zasobów osobistych, których rozwijanie znacznie zmniejsza prawdopodobieństwo wypalenia zawodowego lub przyspiesza powrót do zdrowia po doświadczeniu tego syndromu. Cel pracy. Celem tej pracy jest analiza wybranych zasobów osobistych, takich jak cechy osobowości, pozytywny kapitał psychologiczny czy inteligencja emocjonalna oraz ich wpływu na zwiększenie odporności na wypalenie zawodowe pracowników zawodów medycznych. Opis stanu wiedzy. Cechy osobowości takie jak ekstrawersja, sumienność, ugodowość, stabilność emocjonalna i otwartość na doświadczenia oraz wszystkie składowe pozytywnego kapitału psychologicznego (PsyCap), tj. poczucie sprawstwa, optymizm, nadzieja i rezyliencja, jak również inteligencja emocjonalna, w znaczący sposób wpływają na zwiększenie odporności pracowników zawodów medycznych na wypalenie zawodowe. Podsumowanie. Przegląd literatury dotyczącej wypalenia zawodowego w zawodach medycznych potwierdza związek zasobów osobistych, takich jak cechy osobowości, pozytywny kapitał psychologiczny i inteligencja emocjonalna, ze zwiększoną odpornością na to zjawisko. Dlatego też pomiar oraz rozwijanie tych zasobów u pracowników zawodów medycznych przyczyni się korzystnie do zmniejszenia występowania syndromu wypalenia zawodowego wśród pracowników służby zdrowia.

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the relation between existential attitudes and occupational burnout in nurses.Material and methods. The research sample consisted of 120 nurses. Life Attitudes Profile - Revised (the LAP-R) adapted by R. Klamut and Link Burnout Questionnaire (the LBQ) adapted by A. Jaworowska were used in the research.Results. Psycho-physical exhaustion and relationship deterioration correlate negatively with life goals, internal consistency, life control, death acceptance and positively with existential void and goal seeking. Sense of professional failure and disillusion present a conversely proportional relation with goal, coherence, life control as well as an inversely proportional relation with existential void and goal seeking.Conclusions. The analyses performed in the course of the research proved that existential attitudes accompany burnout in nurses. The obtained results of the authors’ own research present cognitive value and can be used to develop both prevention and aid programs aimed at enhancing the quality of personal and professional functioning of nurses.

Aim. To determine the influence of socio-demographic variables on attendance rate at screening examinations in cancer patients. Material and methods. The research group comprised of 100 cancer patients. The method applied in the research was a diagnostic survey. The research instrument was the authors‘ own questionnaire specially compiled to measure cancer patients‘ interest in screening examinations. The research material was analysed with the statistical packet STATISTICA 12 and Microsoft Office Excel software. Significance level was assumed at p<0.05 to determine statistically significant differences and dependencies. A Chi2 test was used in the research. Results. The surveyed patients mostly did not participate in screening examinations aimed at diagnosing cancer (66%). Their Age (p=0.05), gender (p=0.003) and place of residence (p=0.04) determined their participation rate in screening tests. The patients‘ marital status (p=0.47), education (p=0.85) and economic status (p=0.13) did not affect their willingness to attend screening examinations. Conclusions. The process of cancer incidence and death rate limitation requires greater participation of the population in prevention programmes.