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Pterostilbene, a polyphenolic compound present in grapes and other fruits, has been demonstrated to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis and autophagy in some cancer cell types. We found that pterostilbene at the IC 90 concentration of 44 µM inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in MOLT4 human leukemia cells. Treatment with pterostilbene resulted in a transient accumulation of cells in the G 0 /G 1 -cell cycle phase followed by the S-phase arrest. Pterostilbene-induced apoptotic death of MOLT4 cells was mediated by caspase-3 activation and was accompanied by the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, phosphatidylserine externalisation and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Our results suggest that pterostilbene could serve as a potential additional chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of leukemia.

Abstract. Space as the entirety of elements occurring within it and their configuration, is subject to analysis for purposes of optimizing activities connected with it, or generally speaking, optimal spatial management including predicting its future states and preventing spatial conflicts. Geospatial analysis is a complex process, the essential components of which are the collection, modelling and analysis of spatial data. Drawing proper conclusions is largely dependent on the type of spatial model developed. The author carries out the characterization of selected types of network models for purposes of spatial analysis in the sustainable development of space, providing examples of modelling various elements of space on the form of a network. She also touches on the aspect of hierarchy and scale-freeness in these models, as well as the possibility of predicting future states of space, and also using the properties of network models in decision processes to achieve sustainable development.