No abstract

The photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to valuable fuels or chemicals has displayed the promise to solve urgent energy and environmental problems. Photocatalytic systems for CO2 reduction in water usually suffer from low efficiency and selectivity due to competitive proton reduction and relatively low CO2 concentration. In this work, we report a CoII–ZnII heterometallic dinuclear complex [CoZn­(bpbp)­(CH3COO)2]­(CH3COO) (CoZn), which shows high photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO2-to-CO conversion in a water/acetonitrile solution. The values of TONCO and CO selectivity reach as high as 6680 and 98%, respectively. It was found that CoZn exhibits much higher activity than the corresponding CoII–CoII homometallic dinuclear complex [Co2(bpbp)­(CH3COO)2]­(CH3COO) (CoCo) under the same conditions. The electrochemical properties and DFT calculations indicated that the improved photocatalytic activity of CoZn in comparison to CoCo is attributed to the smaller energy barrier of the rate-limiting CO2 coordination step for photocatalytic CO2-to-CO conversion via the synergistic effect between the two different metal centers.

The development of cost-effective catalysts for CO2 reduction is highly desired but remains a significant challenge. The unsaturated coordination metal center in a catalyst is favorable for the process of catalytic CO2 reduction. In this paper, two asymmetric salen ligands were used to synthesize two coordinatively unsaturated Co-salen complexes. The two Co-salen complexes exhibit an unsaturated coordination pattern and display high activity and CO selectivity for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction in a water-containing system. The photocatalytic performance of 2 is higher than that of 1 because the reduction potential of the catalytic CoII center and the energy barrier of the catalytic transition states of 2 are lower than those of 1, with turnover numbers (TONCO), turnover frequencies (TOF), and CO selectivity values of 8640, 0.24 s–1, and 97% for 2, respectively. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO for 2 is well supported by control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

BackgroundTo gain insight into the pathogenesis of collapsing glomerulopathy, a rare form of FSGS that often arises in the setting of viral infections, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) among inbred mouse strains using a murine model of HIV-1 associated nephropathy (HIVAN).MethodsWe first generated F1 hybrids between HIV-1 transgenic mice on the FVB/NJ background and 20 inbred laboratory strains. Analysis of histology, BUN, and urinary NGAL demonstrated marked phenotypic variation among the transgenic F1 hybrids, providing strong evidence for host genetic factors in the predisposition to nephropathy. A GWAS in 365 transgenic F1 hybrids generated from these 20 inbred strains was performed.ResultsWe identified a genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 13-C3 and multiple additional suggestive loci. Crossannotation of the Chr. 13 locus, including single-cell transcriptomic analysis of wildtype and HIV-1 transgenic mouse kidneys, nominated Ssbp2 as the most likely candidate gene. Ssbp2 is highly expressed in podocytes, encodes a transcriptional cofactor that interacts with LDB1 and LMX1B, which are both previously implicated in FSGS. Consistent with these data, older Ssbp2 null mice spontaneously develop glomerulosclerosis, tubular casts, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation, similar to the HIVAN mouse model.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the utility of GWAS in mice to uncover host genetic factors for rare kidney traits and suggest Ssbp2 as susceptibility gene for HIVAN, potentially acting via the LDB1-LMX1B transcriptional network.

In this study, we are concluded like this : 5 men who are soccer player of P university in B city measure the Electromyography with an angle of motion according to kinesiotaping's application when practicing instep kick. When exercising instep kick, the change of realization of muscle load of lower limbs enhence Gastrocnemius Lateralis and Vastus Medialis in the section of backswing, and improve Tibialis Anterior, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris prior to impact after back-swing. Before impact, it mainly impoved Tibialis Anterior, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris. After impact, it generally improved Gastrocnemius Lateralis, Vastus Medialis. Average integral electromyography value, it was such a small difference(; the difference of the value in Tibialis Anterior, Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis) that we can't compare case of after taping than before. In Electromyography, in case of after taping was considerably decreased at Gastrocnemius Lateralis, there was statistically significant difference between before and after. It was a little increased, after taping than before at Knee angle. And degree was a little decreased at Ankle angle. But, It's so delicate difference, there was not statistically significant difference between before and after.