The rise of the Sustainable Development (SD) concept contributed to the increasing interest in practices encompassing the Sustainable Human Resource Management (Sustainable HRM) and the results of these practices. This article relates to the area of Human Resource Management and activities undertaken by HR departments to implement the principles of sustainable development in the enterprise. In particular, it refers to the concept of Sustainable HRM, recognized by many researchers as a new paradigm in the area of HRM. Although an intensely-studied subject, there is a clear gap in research regarding Sustainable HRM in Polish companies. Additionally, there is a lack of research contribution on the Podlasie region—ecologically and ethnically the most diverse region in the country. While sustainability in environmental terms is evident in the region, the article focuses on sustainability implementation in the business sector. The article helps to close the research gap. Its aim is to examine the two-fold role of HR departments in: Implementing activities in the area of Sustainable HRM, and introducing the principles of sustainability to corporate strategies. It was assumed that such activities contribute to corporate sustainability. In order to verify the role of HR departments, a new, comprehensive research model, based on the work of De Prins, was built. The model relates to the double-task of HR departments in organizations. The added value of the article stems from the research model proposal, which can be applied without geographical limitations and to numerous organization types. The paper introduces one of the applications of the model—a regional one. The model was tested in a questionnaire survey conducted among employees of enterprises operating in the Podlaskie Voivodeship, which is unique in terms of environment, culture, and economy in Poland. The respondents were participants of MBA studies at one of the universities of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The results of the study fully confirmed the hypothesis adopted in the study regarding the performance of activities by HR departments in the psychological and social areas of Sustainable HRM. The third aspect of the study, regarding the ecological area, was not clearly confirmed in the study. It was found that this may result from the restrictive law regulating the issue of the impact of enterprises on the natural environment. The results of the study allowed for the verification of the main hypothesis assumed in the research model, thus confirming its truthfulness.

In 2021, the European Commission set out the direction of changes in the field of European enterprise activities by establishing the principles of Industry 5.0. One of the indicated directions was the implementation of sustainable development principles in European industry. The aim of this article is to examine the level and nature of competences in the field of sustainable development among students at two Lublin universities: the Lublin University of Technology and the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. This is to enable the assessment of students’ preparation for the implementation of sustainable development principles in their future professional activities. The research sought to determine the relationship between the type of university and the competences of students, through the self-assessment of competences. The conceptualization and operationalization of competences in the field of sustainable development was based on the de Haan and Cebrian models, respectively. The tool used was the author’s own questionnaire based on the self-assessment of 25 statements, grouped into five areas of competence: knowledge, action, values and ethics, emotions and systems thinking. The results of the study confirmed differences between students in the areas of knowledge and activity. However, a relationship between the type of university and self-esteem in areas related to systemic thinking, emotions, and ethics and values was not found. Various self-assessment patterns (clusters) were observed in individual areas among the respondents. Differences in the assessment of the statements indicated the existence of factors that influenced responses. The results of the study confirmed the usefulness of the tool in identifying competency gaps of students based on which the tool can be recommended for use in the design of study programs.

W artykule zaprezentowano wybrane wyniki badań pilotażowych, które dotyczyły postaw przedsiębiorczych studentów. W opracowaniu punkt ciężkości położono na postrzeganie pracy przedsiębiorcy jako czynnika mogącego kształtować zamiar podjęcia własnej działalności gospodarczej. Przyjęty przez Autorki model badawczy zakładał, że na powstanie intencji przedsiębior-czej wpływa wiele czynników. Jednym z nich jest postrzeganie przyszłej pracy. Jako czynniki, które potencjalnie mogą kształtować postawę przedsiębiorczą, przyjęto stresogenność działań podejmowanych przez przedsiębiorcę oraz zakres kontroli nad pracą. Za jeden z głównych celów badania przyjęto także ocenę stopnia stresowości działań podejmowanych przez przedsiębiorcę oraz identyfikację związku pomiędzy dokonaną oceną a kształtowaniem się postaw przedsiębior-czych, mierzonych zamiarem podjęcia w przyszłości działalności gospodarczej. Dodatkowym celem badania było również przeprowadzenie oceny wpływu postrzeganego zakresu kontroli nad pracą na prezentowane przez studentów intencje przedsiębiorcze. Uzyskane w efekcie przeprowadzonych badań pilotażowych wyniki wskazują, że dla badanej grupy studentów wszystkie ze wskazanych cech pracy przedsiębiorcy mogą mieć potencjalnie charakter stresogenny, co jednak nie ma istotnego znaczenia z punktu widzenia prezentowanych przez nich postaw przedsiębior-czych. W przeprowadzonym badaniu pilotażowym wykazano również, że dla respondentów wysoki zakres kontroli jaką przedsiębiorca może sprawować nad własną pracą stanowi czynnik zachęcający do podejmowania w przyszłości działalności gospodarczej. Jednak także w tym wypadku jedynie dla dwóch z pięciu badanych czynników zmienną różnicującą okazały się postawy przedsiębiorcze.Słowa kluczowe: stres w pracy, zakres kontroli, postawy przedsiębiorcze, przedsiębiorczość WPROWADZENIEWraz ze zmianą systemu gospodarczego w Polsce radykalnie zmieniły się liczba i struktura własnościowa przedsiębiorstw. Według danych GUS na koniec roku 2011 w systemie REGON zarejestrowanych było 3 869 897 podmiotów, z czego 3 748 026 z nich to podmioty gospodarki narodowej działające w sektorze prywatnym 3 . Oznacza to, że w Polsce jest 31-krotnie więcej podmiotów prywatnych niż publicznych. Prywatni przedsiębiorcy, w zależności od wielkości przedsiębiorstwa, nie tylko tworzą miejsca pracy dla siebie i swoich najbliższych (przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne), ale także setek tysięcy

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) permeates the curricula of various fields of study at many universities. The aim of the article is to present the assessment of the students at the Lublin University of Technology in the field of Electrical Engineering on the importance of individual dimensions of CSR, with particular emphasis on the environmental dimension. The method used in the study is a diagnostic survey conducted among students of full-time first- and second-cycle studies. The research was carried out using a questionnaire based on the four-dimensional model of CSR developed by Carroll and was extended to the environmental dimension. The tool consists of 60 statements divided into 12 groups. Each group contains five statements—one for each of the distinguished CSR components. The hierarchy of CSR dimensions in both surveyed groups is analogous (economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic, and environmental dimensions). The study groups differed, however, in their assessment of the importance of the legal and ethical dimensions. Bilateral comparisons of individual dimensions in the group of second-cycle students revealed fewer differences than in the group of first-cycle students, which proves that the links between different categories of the company’s stakeholders and obligations toward them are more clearly perceived by the group of second-cycle students. The conclusions from the research make it possible to recommend universities to include in their curricula content aimed at better preparing graduates to undertake CSR activities.

The research method is a diagnostic survey, and the tool is a self-assessment questionnaire. The conceptualization of sustainable development competences adopted in the study is the ability to shape future scenarios through active participation in modeling and transforming society towards sustainable practices. The eight competences of de Haan were adopted as research frames. Students of managerial and technical faculties were surveyed. Findings: The structure of the competences examined is partially different from that presented in the literature. Factor analysis indicates two broad groups of competencesmultidimensional approach to problems and reflexivity. The structures of competences in separate groups differ from each other. In the managerial group there is a critical perception of oneself and the world and a multidimensional approach to problems, while in the group of students of technical facultiesa cooperative and multidimensional approach to problems, as well as contesting and forecasting. Moreover, some students from the management group (marketing and market communication) and students of technical faculties differ in terms of cooperation competences. Practical Implications: The results of the study enable the introduction of content and methods into the study curricula to increase competences in the field of sustainable development. Originality/Value: The contribution is the research-based indication that students of different fields of study within one university have a different competence structure in the field of sustainable development.