Today’s businesses have a huge impact on the environment. Enterprises overuse available natural resources, and emit hazardous pollutants; thus, they contribute to the advancing degradation of existing ecosystems, causing serious threats to the biological diversity of our planet. Hence, there is an urgent need to undertake diverse actions to reduce the adverse impact of businesses, households, and whole societies on the environment, and stop its degradation. The goal of this paper is to present research findings from the study carried out in 2019 and compare these findings with the study carried out in 2009, in order to identify and analyze the most frequent environmental activities undertaken by enterprises operating in the Lublin region. The ranking method was used in the study. The research findings show that over the last 10 years respondents’ opinions on the most effective economic instruments used in pursuing ecological policies remained unchanged. Moreover, respondents point to numerous tangible benefits resulting from ecological activity. In 2019, like in 2009, most pro-ecological investments were financed with enterprises’ own funds. Over the 10-year period between 2009 and 2019, the most frequent pro-environmental activities, as well as the returns on ecological investment periods, have changed. The study showed that enterprises responsibly consider environmental impacts of their activities and undertake actions aimed at preserving the environment and its resources.

The purpose of this work is to explore the problems that the startups operating in the Poland's Lublin region are struggling and then to select the pairs problem-industry where there is a statistically significant relationship. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method was a diagnostic survey with the use of a questionnaire as a research tool. The questionnaire was sent out through Google Forms to the startups run the Lublin region. In total, the study covered 219 entities. Findings: The conclusions from the research indicate that startups experienced serious hardship during the pandemic, which included problems with financial liquidity, decreasing sales volume, maintaining existing clients and acquiring new customers, and logistics difficulties. The research shows that the occurrence of particular groups of problems at a given level of significance, depends on a relatively small number of features. Analyzing individual problems, we found that the industry in which a given enterprise operates has no significant relation with the problems it experienced. Only in case of such problems as introducing remote work, access to new capital, sales drop, retaining present customers, ensuring health security of employees, renegotiation of contracts, and the issues concerning cybersecurity, there is a statistically significant relationship. Practical Implications: The paper provides knowledge on the problems faced by startups in particular sectors of the economy. This knowledge can influence decisions made both by decision-makers within institutions providing support to businesses, as well as by entities operating in the surveyed industries. Originality/Value: The paper presents the outcome of the recent study, carried out at the turn of 2020 and 2021, on the situation of startups operating in the Lublin region and their performance in a time of the pandemic.

The research method is a diagnostic survey, and the tool is a self-assessment questionnaire. The conceptualization of sustainable development competences adopted in the study is the ability to shape future scenarios through active participation in modeling and transforming society towards sustainable practices. The eight competences of de Haan were adopted as research frames. Students of managerial and technical faculties were surveyed. Findings: The structure of the competences examined is partially different from that presented in the literature. Factor analysis indicates two broad groups of competencesmultidimensional approach to problems and reflexivity. The structures of competences in separate groups differ from each other. In the managerial group there is a critical perception of oneself and the world and a multidimensional approach to problems, while in the group of students of technical facultiesa cooperative and multidimensional approach to problems, as well as contesting and forecasting. Moreover, some students from the management group (marketing and market communication) and students of technical faculties differ in terms of cooperation competences. Practical Implications: The results of the study enable the introduction of content and methods into the study curricula to increase competences in the field of sustainable development. Originality/Value: The contribution is the research-based indication that students of different fields of study within one university have a different competence structure in the field of sustainable development.

<p class="MsoNormal" xss=removed>W artykule podkreślono rolę kapitału społecznego w rozwoju regionalnym jako czynnika pozwalającego na aktywizacje pozaekonomicznych zasobów. Celem artykułu jest próba określenia czynników - barier wpływających na możliwość współpracy partnerów w ramach regionalnego systemu innowacji oraz określenie ich wpływu na jakość współpracy w ramach regionalnej struktury potrójnej helisy. Założono, że budowa skutecznej współpracy w strukturach potrójnej helisy wymaga zapewnienia wysokiego poziomu kapitału społecznego charakteryzującego się wysokim poziomem zaufania pomiędzy partnerami. <o></o></p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" xss=removed>Artykuł prezentuje wyniki przeprowadzonych w latach 2014 i 2019 badań związanych z funkcjonowaniem międzyorganizacyjnych sieci współpracy w regionie lubelskim. Z przeprowadzonych wśród liderów regionalnych badań wynika, że doceniają oni rolę kapitału społecznego w rozwoju współpracy instytucji regionalnych wskazując na rangę takich czynników jak zaufanie, występowanie lidera czy poziom kapitału intelektualnego w organizacji. Istotną wartością przedstawionych wyników badań było uchwycenie zmian ocen respondentów wobec dynamicznie zachodzących zmian praktycznie we wszystkich trzech analizowanych obszarach badawczych pomiędzy pierwszą i drugą fazą badań.<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><o></o></font></p>

Purpose:The aim of the study was to develop a model for assessing the satisfaction of patients of GP practice with access to health services in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, in terms of eliminating inequalities in the quality of these services and developing a scenario for the revitalization of the health care system in relation to the inhabitants of the underdeveloped region in the period after the cessation of pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method included developing a research tool in the form of a survey questionnaire, validating the tool, conducting Phase I and II of the survey, and evaluating the performance of the outpatient specialty care subsystem. The analysis of the research results was directed at developing the assumptions of a model for restoring functionality and increasing resilience of the healthcare system. Findings: It was found that the level of patient satisfaction with the functioning of the health care system during a pandemic, both in the form of medical tele-consultation and in the form of direct contact with personnel in a health care facility, depends on the age and the level of education. There were no differences in terms of sex and place of residence (town, village). It was also found that the very limited availability of advanced diagnostic methods, showing an unfavorable trend in the period preceding the outbreak of the pandemic, deteriorated further and poses a critical threat to the functioning of the health care system for patients with chronic diseases (oncological, neurodegenerative etc.). Practical Implications: The results of the research will be used to construct a model for the reconstruction and revitalization of the health care system in the Lubelskie Voivodeship after the pandemic. Originality/Value: The study presents results of the current research. The development of the research results will be continued in order to construct a comprehensive model.