Aim. To study the nutrient and energy intake of modern university students. Materials and methods. 244 students aged 18–23 enrolled in specialist degree programmes were surveyed using a 24-hour dietary recall method adapted for online Google form surveying. The food intake was analysed based on the following aspects: meal frequency, intervals between meals and energy intake.Results. According to the obtained results, 38.93 ± 3.12% of the respondents follow a 3–4 meal-a-day diet, with 3 main meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) adhered by 71.31 ± 2.9% of students. In comparison with male respondents, female students were found to be more likely to keep main meals (74.87 ± 3.17% versus 59.65 ± 6.50%, χ2 = 4.94, p = 0.027). Additional meals (second breakfast, afternoon tea, overnight snack) were observed in 64.75 ± 3.06% of the students, with this share being significantly larger among male students (78.95 ± 5.40% versus 60.43 ± 3.58%, χ2 = 6.56, p = 0.011). About 68.44 ± 2.98% of the respondents reported long intervals between meals, which was found to be more typical of female students (71.66 ± 3.30% versus 56.14 ± 6.57%, χ2 = 4.84, p = 0.028). The energy intake of young people was established to correspond to the recommended norm in 27.40 ± 3.69% of cases.Conclusions. The findings emphasize the importance of developing healthy eating habits in modern students, which can contribute to improving their health and increasing their educational performance.

Subject. A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry – diseases of the oral mucosa. The object – literature search and analysis of current data on the study of risk factors affecting the development and aggravation of pathological conditions on the oral mucosa. Methodology. Scientific publications using library databases have been studied: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. The analysis of the information was carried out on 48 sources. Results. The role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described. The influence of socio-behavioral determinants, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, on the occurrence of pathological, in particular, precancerous conditions in the oral cavity is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the traumatic component, among which injuries with dentures come to the fore, in the development of lesions on the oral mucosa. The significance of comorbid pathology in the occurrence of oral diseases is reflected. It was noted that among the leading positions in the development of dermatoses on the mucous membrane of the mouth are occupied by neurogenic conditions. Changes on the mucous membrane of the mouth in patients with vitamin-mineral imbalances in the body are illuminated. The relationship between the appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa and the environmental characteristics of the area of residence has been demonstrated. Conclusions. The importance of investigating oral mucosal diseases in a particular region is emphasized in relation to the influence of certain risk factors in order to develop and improve preventive programs for the preservation of dental health.

Subject. Complex studying and assessment of influence of potential is carried out risk factors on a secondary dentition of children in the conditions of particular territorial community and also are developed and introduced preventive and improving actions. Work purpose: studying of features of a secondary dentition of children in specific conditions of the habitat for the purpose of development of the priority directions of prophylaxis of violations of health of children and perfecting of methods of rendering the children's stomatologic help. Methodology. Studying of process of a secondary dentition at children of 4,5-11 years of Vladivostok is carried out. The beginning of eruption considered the perforation moment tooth of an alveolar gingiva with exposure of one hillock or cutting edge. Potential risk factors of the period of pregnancy of mother and childbirth, risk factors of the early childhood, social and economic, features of a way of life are studied. By means of the component konfirmatorny analysis identification of relationships of cause and effect in system habitat factors ‒ a secondary dentition is carried out. Results. The early secondary dentition at children is revealed. Signs of sexual dimorphism of an index of a tooth maturity are established. The greatest impact on a secondary dentition is exerted a factor of a delivery of children, by features of a way of life of boys and girls and also a delivery of their mothers during pregnancy. Conclusions. Materials of a research formed the basis of the developed regional standards of a secondary dentition which were introduced in work of the children's stomatologic organizations. The system of preventive actions providing accounting of regional features of a condition of the habitat, living conditions, deliveries is developed and also solves a number of practical problems of perfecting of the principles of medical observation and improvement of children.

Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет, 690002, пр-т Острякова, 2, г. Владивосток Резюме Проведено комплексное санитарно-гигиеническое обследование организаций дополнительного образования, выполнена оценка режима дня, умственной и физической работоспособности, состояния здоровья детей, посещающих организации дополнительного образования. Дана оценка течения адаптации к школе, первоклассников, занимающихся дополнительно.Выявлено неполное соответствие организаций дополнительного образования установленным гигиеническим требованиям. Установлено влияние несоответствия режима дня на уровень умственной работоспособности учащихся (доля дисперсии 10,0-62,2 %). Доказано, что занятия в организациях дополнительного образования с преимущественным динамическим компонентом оказывают положительное влияние на функциональные показатели детей (доля дисперсии 4,3-7,8 %). Посещение внешкольных организаций снижает вероятность успешного освоения школьной программы (относительный риск (RR)=0,9) и завершенности адаптации (RR=0,7) у первоклассников. Доказано прямое влияние количества посещаемых организации дополнительного образования и обратное влияние уровня динамического компонента на формирование хронической патологии у детей (доля дисперсии 2,0-4,0 %). Предложена система мероприятий, направленных на сохранение и укрепление здоровья детей, посещающих организации дополнительного образования.Разработан межведомственный комплекс мер по сохранению здоровья детей, посещающих организации дополнительного образования. Предлагаемая система носит межведомственный характер и включает надзорные, организационные, санитарно-гигиенические, лечебно-профилактические, санитарно-просветительские мероприятия.Ключевые слова: дети, состояние здоровья, профилактические мероприятия, дополнительное образование детей. SummaryThe importance of the research, as evidenced by the scientifi c works of domestic and foreign authors, is substantiated, the goal of the work is formulated.A comprehensive sanitary and hygienic examination of organizations of additional education was carried out, an assessment of the daily routine, mental and physical performance, and the state of health of children attending organizations of additional optional education was carried out. An assessment of the course of adaptation to school, preparation to school classes were also assessed. of dispersion of 10,0-62,2 %) is 4,3-7,8 %). Attending out-of-school organizations reduces likelihood of successful mastering of school curriculum (relative risk (RR)=0,9) and completion of adaptation (RR=0,7) for fi rst-graders. The direct infl uence of the number of optional organizations attendance demonstrated a reverse eff ect of the level of the dynamic component on the formation of chronic pathology in children (the dispersion ratio is 2,0-4,0 %) has been proved. A system of measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children attending additional education organizations has been off ered. Incomplete compliance of organizations of additional education with the requ...

Subject. The scientific works of recent years show an increase in the degree of negative impact of vitamin deficiency and vitamin-like substances on the state of health of the population. With the deficiency of most vitamins, synthetic processes and regeneration of oral tissues are reduced, so often the initial signs of hypovitaminosis are stomatitis, gingivitis, glossitis, and therefore, it is dentists who are the first to diagnose deviations in the body associated with vitamin deficiency. This justifies the relevance and practical value of studying and describing clinical cases of manifestations of deficient vitamin conditions in the oral cavity. The object – is to study the effect of B vitamins on the oral mucosa in order to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis of vitamin-deficient conditions of the human body. Methodology. These clinical examples illustrate the management experience of patients with manifestations of deficient vitamin conditions on the oral mucosa. Clinical and laboratory methods of diagnosing the analysed conditions of the organism were applied. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using the STATISTICA 10 software (StatSoft, Inc., USA). Results. The deficient condition of the organism in relation to vitamins B2, B6, B12 in patients 18-75 years old has been studied. Characteristic clinical changes on the oral mucosa of the examined patients were established. So, in most patients with vitamin B2 deficiency, the classic Sebrel triad was found: dermatitis, glossitis, cheilitis. In those examined with a lack of vitamin B6, language desquamations (smoothed, polished language) were determined in the 83.6%, often combined with glossodinia. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency were characterized by a lesion in the form of Meller-Gunter glossitis in 74.9% of cases, moreover, 67.6% of patients showed paresthesia in the area of tongue and oral mucosa. Conclusions. The study found that the first clinical symptoms of deficient conditions of the presented vitamins of group B were found from the oral cavity. Thus, it is the dentist who is the first to diagnose the pathological states of lack of group B vitamins in the human body, which emphasizes the importance and relevance of continuing to study these states of the body.