Chronic exhaustion and fatigue are increasingly important in rehabilitation medicine. Objectives of this study were (a) to describe the effects of in-patient rehabilitation on patients with chronic fatigue syndromes, (b) to identify predictors for treatment outcome, and (c) to analyze the impact of comprehensive diagnosing on these issues. A total of 171 patients with chronic exhaustion or fatigue (90 % female, mean age 55 +/- 10 yrs) from a rehabilitation hospital with a complementary medicine-based treatment concept were included in a prospective observational study. Within the longitudinal study patients were examined three times (on admission to hospital, at discharge as well as six months later). Participation rate of the postal inquiry was 69 %. Besides items constructed ad hoc, Patient questionnaires included the Symptom Checklist and assessment instruments for depression, quality of life, sense of coherence as well as for changes in experience and behaviour. Treatment outcome was defined as sum score of binary-coded response criteria. The pattern of complaints differed clearly between diagnostic subgroups (neurasthenia, affective disorders, adjustment disorders) before treatment. At discharge from hospital patients showed clinically relevant improvements lasting for six months after rehabilitation. Multiple regression analyses revealed a statistically significant relationship (R (mult) = 0.59) between predictors and outcome at discharge from hospital. A better result was associated with higher trust in treatment success, active information seeking on complementary medicine, healthier feeding habits, better somatic health and a decreased mental status, with regard to the status before treatment. The prediction of outcome after six months was comparably poorer (R (mult) = 0.42). Treatment success was higher in the absence of a diagnosis of neurasthenia, in patients accepting the group-oriented treatment concept and in patients not believing that their disease was due to their own way of living. Trust in the success of the treatment was a highly ranked predictor for longer lasting outcome, too. The results underline the importance of motivation aspects for treatment outcome indicating that individual expectations and attitudes should be considered in a more distinct way when allocating patients to rehabilitative programmes.
Zielsetzung: Darstellung eines Programms zur Evaluation der stationären Patientenversorgung (PEP) mit Naturheilverfahren am Beispiel einer Rehabilitationsfachklinik für Naturheilverfahren mit Schwerpunkt auf Beschreibung der behandelten Patienten und der Ergebnisqualität. Methoden: Prospektive Kohortenstudie aller stationär aufgenommenen Patienten über 2 Jahre; Arztfragebogen zur Erhebung medizinischer Basisdaten sowie Patientenfragebögen bei Aufnahme, Entlassung und 3 Nachbefragungen (2, 6 und 12 Monate nach Entlassung) zur Erfassung der Beschwerdeintensität, der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (SF-36), des Gesundheitsverhaltens, der Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen, der Arbeitsunfähigkeitstage sowie der Patientenzufriedenheit. Bei Beginn der Intervention: Erhebung soziodemografischer Merkmale und medizinischer Basisdaten, Erfahrungen mit Naturheilverfahren und Behandlungserwartungen. Ergebnisse: 5278 Patienten (83% weiblich, Alter 54,7 ± 11,6 Jahre) mit Diagnosen hauptsächlich aus den Bereichen «Psychovegetatives Erschöpfungssyndrom» (36,8%), «Chronische Rückenerkrankungen» (19,5%) und «Chronische Kopfschmerzen » (11,9%) und medianer Beschwerdedauer von 6 Jahren gingen in die Analysen ein (Rücklauf nach 6 Monaten 80,6%, nach 12 Monaten 73,6%). Die Stärke der Hauptbeschwerde reduzierte sich von anfangs 59 ± 25 um durchschnittlich 25 Punkte bei Entlassung (nach 6 Monaten um 19 Punkte), was einer Effektstärke von 0,86 (0,62 nach 6 Monaten) entspricht. 6 Monate nach Entlassung wies knapp die Hälfte der Patienten einen klinisch relevanten Anstieg der Lebensqualität auf (Summenscores des SF-36 um =5 Punkte erhöht). Die Einnahme von Medikamenten ging zurück, nach dem Klinikaufenthalt waren weniger Arbeitsunfähigkeitstage zu verzeichnen. Die Zufriedenheit der Patienten war durchschnittlich «gut», bezogen auf die Verpflegung in der Klinik war die Zufriedenheit geringer. Eine Subgruppenanalyse bezüglich der Hauptdiagnose der Patienten zeigte unterschiedliche Akzentuierungen im Ergebnisprofil. Schlussfolgerungen: Das Patientenprofil belegt den Bedarf an einer stationären Rehabilitationsmaßnahme und ist der naturheilkundlichen stationären Versorgung vergleichbar. Das Ergebnisprofil belegt an einer repräsentativen Patientenstichprobe, dass die Mehrzahl der Patienten hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Outcome-Dimensionen von der Maßnahme profitierte und dass dieser Nutzen noch 6-12 Monate nach Entlassung anhielt.
To present a patient care evaluation program exemplified by a rehabilitation clinic for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with focus on aspects of structure quality, steps of quality assurance and interventions administered. Methods: Assessment of previously defined criteria of structure (general characteristics of the facility, staff, medical equipment and constructional features, medical concept, continuing care, internal communication) and measures of quality assurance with the aid of a questionnaire filled in by the management of the hospital. Development of internal guidelines for diagnostics and therapy with respect to relevant diseases. Results: The clinic’s structure profile describes the indications and contraindications in effect, the quantity and qualification structure of staff, and the constructional and medical equipment details. Based on a multidimensional bio-psycho-social concept the general objectives of rehabilitation are derived. According to the medical concept the corresponding diagnostic and therapeutic methods are presented. Guidelines for treatment were exemplified by patients with migraine. Conclusion: The structural features do not fully meet the preconditions valid for the various indications in rehabilitation. As CAM hospitals define themselves by the methods of intervention they apply rather than by the indications to be treated they demand for an exceptional position.
Background: Legal requirements for quality assurance in German rehabilitation hospitals include comparisons of providers. Objective is to describe and to compare outcome quality of care offered by three hospitals providing in-patient rehabilitative treatment exemplified for patients with chronic headache.
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