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Background: Prostate cancer, which is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men, more commonly occurs in the elderly. This disease is often diagnosed late in resource-limited settings, which results in people having advanced forms of the disease and a poor prognosis. This study aimed to identify factors indicative of prostate cancer aggressivity and a poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer at a single center in Douala, Cameroon.Methods: We performed a retrospective study from 2015 to 2020 at the Centre medico-chirugical d'urologie in Douala, Cameroon, in which we included 203 patients aged 41 years to 85 years who had prostate cancer diagnosed via histopathology after either prostate biopsyor laparoscopic prostatectomy. Epi-info 7 was used for data analysis and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with prostate cancer aggressivity and patients' outcomes (survival or mortality). Results: The mean age of our study participants was 64.76 ± 7.48 years. Ten patients had a contributive family history of prostate cancer. The patients presented with lower urinary tract symptoms in 61.58% of cases. All patients had serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of >4 ng/ml, 100 patients were anemic, and 36 patients had aggressive forms of the disease. Eighty-eight patients had remarkable digital rectal examination (DRE) findings. The median prostate volume, as determined via transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), was 59 [43 -80] ml. Fifty-nine patients had abnormal prostate echostructures, and 33 patients died during follow-up. The presence of paraplegia and the practice of professions requiring

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Objectives: Our study aimed to determine the relationship between the initial total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, and aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) based on the new Gleason grade group in the two specialized urology centers in Cameroon. Method: A seven-year retrospective study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2019. The study concerned all men diagnosed with PCa graded using the novel Gleason grade group. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Bivariate analysis was done to identify independent associations. Results: A total of 253 files were reviewed; fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The mean age of our study population was 66.62±8.288 years with the most affected age being those aged between 59-69 years. The commonest finding on DRE was a hard-craggy prostate (46.0%). The mean initial total PSA was 98.78 ng/dL ± 300.17 ng/mL, while the mean PSA density was 1.73 ± 5.94ng/mL². Gleason grade group 2 was the commonest grade (30.6%). There was a positive correlation between initial total PSA and Gleason grade group (r = 0.314 (p-value 0.000)), and between PSA density and Gleason grade group (r = 0.919 (p-value 0.000)). Initial total PSA and the Gleason grade groups were independently associated with the radiological tumour stage (p-value 0.000 and p-value 0.03 respectively). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between initial total PSA, PSA density, and novel Gleason grade group. We, therefore, recommend that more attention should be placed on PSA density in pre-biopsy decisionmaking. This study enhances the stratification of therapeutic protocols for the management of PCa in Cameroon as well as across African Union member states.