Objective: To cross-culturally translate and validate the Chinese versions of the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and the Activity and Participation Questionnaire (APQ) in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis who are also candidates for knee replacement. Methods: The Chinese version of the OKS and APQ was completed by standard forward–backward translation and adaption. The feasibility was validated by a pretest in 30 patients. The final version together with the Short Form-36 (SF-36), EQ-5D, and EQ visual analog scale were assessed in 150 patients, and the OKS and APQ were repeated in 30 patients after a 2-week interval. The psychometric properties of the OKS and APQ were evaluated for test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), internal consistency using Cronbach’s α, and construct validity using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results: All patients were able to understand and complete both the OKS and APQ without difficulty (i.e. no missing data). The ICCs were 0.959 for the OKS, 0.956 for the APQ for total scores, and >0.7 for each item. Cronbach’s α was greater than 0.7, and the corrected item-total correlation was greater than 0.4 for each item of both questionnaires. The OKS and APQ showed better correlations with questions from the pain and function domains than with those from the mental status domains of the SF-36 and EQ-5D. No floor or ceiling effect was identified in either questionnaire. Conclusions: The Chinese versions of the OKS and APQ are easy to understand and complete and showed good reliability and validity. They can be used to assess patient-reported outcomes after undergoing knee replacement in mainland China.

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z VA Hlth. Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA Purpose: To examine gender differences in spontaneous weight bearing pain behaviors in C57Bl6 mice with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to better define pain behaviors in this important model of arthritis pain. Methods: Male and female C57Bl6 mice were examined at twelve weeks of age. Chronic OA was produced by intra-articular (IA) injection of 10 IU Type IV Collagenase into the left knee. The contralateral, nonarthritic knee served as the non-painful control. Pain behavior was measured at four or six weeks post-collagenase injection. Spontaneous pain behaviors were measured by Automated Dynamic Weight Bearing (ADWB) (Bioseb, Vitrolles, France). Evoked pain response (EPR) was measured by calculating fights and vocalizations over a time period of 1 min with repeated firm palpation of the knees (tenderness). Analgesic therapies included 0.02IU onabotulinum toxin (BTX), 10 ml 0.01% capsaicin (CAP), or 10 ml 0.001% resiniferatoxin (RTX).Results: OA produced significantly increased evoked pain responses (p < 0.05) in both male (4.0) and female mice (6.31) after 4 weeks. However, 4 weeks after arthritis induction, neither male nor female mice demonstrated any significant alteration in weight bearing on the arthritic left hind limb. At 4 weeks, female arthritic mice spent a significantly greater percentage of time (61.07, p < 0.001) and a greater proportion of weight (21.81, p < 0.002) on the forelimbs than nonarthritic mice (36.99, 12.64, respectively). IA BTX in the arthritic joint corrected this offloading in female mice. Arthritic male mice at 4 weeks did not seem to offload the arthritic limb either to the normal contralateral hind limb or to the forelimbs, but after 6 weeks of arthritis, male mice demonstrated increased weight (15.82%) and time (45.22%) on forelimbs (p < 0.05) compared to 8.23% and 27.23% weight and time respectively. Both IA CAP and RTX normalized forepaw weight bearing in the arthritic male mice. Interestingly, evoked pain responses were not increased in male mice after 6 weeks of arthritis. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that collagenase induced arthritis pain is detectable in male and female C57Bl6 mice. Joint tenderness is increased in both sexes early in disease and demonstrates an analgesic response. Alterations in weight bearing were seen in both males and females with OA and normalized with IA analgesics, but weight bearing changes in males only appeared after arthritis was more chronic and evoked pain had resolved. Osteoarthritis pain in mice is subtle, does not greatly interfere with function, and is a challenge to measure. Chronicity and gender are important variables. In quadrupeds consideration of all possible alterations in weight bearing must be investigated in order to detect evidence of spontaneous pain.Purpose: In the field of total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, the importance of using patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess surgical outcome has been widely accepted. However, a problem still remains -how much improveme...