The rapid development of lasers since their launch has given a new lease to traditional optical technology and immensely boosted the development of natural science. Benefiting from the salient light absorption and light emission traits, perovskite lasers show incalculable prospects in applications of optical storage, optical interconnects, high-quality displays, on-chip photonic communications, etc. For perovskite lasers, device structure and working principle rather than just material property are also profound, especially for the realization and assessment of electrically pumped lasers, which is the prerequisite for the ultimate practical application of perovskite lasers. With this in mind, the key characteristic parameters of possible future electrically pumped lasers are discussed herein, and a systematic review of perovskite lasers is presented in a sequential order of development. To begin, the components of lasers are introduced in detail, with an emphasis on optical microcavities and diverse proposed working mechanisms, followed by introductions of representative advances in pulsed optically pumped perovskite lasers with various lasing modes, as well as state-of-the-art developments in lasing phenomenon under continuous-wave optical pumping. Finally, the challenges and fruitful progress toward electrically pumped perovskite lasers are discussed emphatically. It is hoped that this review will promote the realization of perovskite electrically pumped lasers and commercialization of perovskite lasers.

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have the advantages of easy tunable wavelength， narrow emission， high efficiency， and so on. Corresponding electroluminescent (EL) QD light-emitting diodes (QLED) have the advantag• es of solution treatment， simple and low cost manufacturing process， which is beneficial to realize the wide color gam • ut， high contrast， large area and flexible display. However， there are still challenges in device performance and pat• terning technology for QLED-based display applications. With the progress of material and device engineering， the research of QLED display has made further progress. This paper first introduces the development of QDs and QLED in display application， then indicates the challenge and research progress of QLED in display application.