This study assessed the body composition indices associated with overweight/obesity among students at Medical College of University "Prof. Dr. Asen Zlatarov" in Burgas and also to verify the test assessment methods using the application of InterCriteria Analysis (ICA) to the data obtained from the tests. The data was analyzed in search of correlations between the results from the method of testing for some anthropometric measurements and certain findings are outlined and commented.

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Childhood obesity is a global epidemic, and growing trends in overweight and obesity are evident in both developed and developing countries. Obesity has a profound effect on the child's life, increases the risk of multiple childhood health problems, and can create emotional and social problems. Obese children become obese adults, increasing the risk of serious health problems such as cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes, lung, malignant, skeletal and muscular diseases. Worldwide, obesity is second only to smoking as a cause of premature death. OBJECTIVE of the present study is to systematize obesity factors in students to bring out guidelines for tackling it. Depending on the degree of accumulation of fat, this condition qualifies as overweight or obese. Childhood obesity is associated with a number of cardiovascular risk factors, including hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL levels and hypertension. The main factors for obesity in children are genetic, nutritional, psychological, degree of physical activity. Studies have shown that overweight is associated with the FTO gene, and strong association with BMI and weight in children is established. The effect in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R) is associated with a severe and early form of monogenic obesity in children. Contemporary eating habits have an important impact on the development of childhood obesity, fast food consumption is associated with higher intake of sugar beverages and french fries and lower intake of milk, fruit and vegetables. In recent years, the leading factor in increasing non-obesity in adolescence is the long-term stay in front of various electronic receivers - a television screen, a computer or a computer game. Knowledge of these factors is essential for the preparation of both a comprehensive strategy for the prevention of obesity and the preparation of an individual program for each student. Prevention of obesity in childhood is essential for good health in the future, as well as the creation of proper motor and eating habits.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Heiltorf und Heilschlämme werden bei verschie− denen Indikationen in der Klinik erfolgreich angewandet. Unab− hängig von physikalisch−thermischen Wirkungen konnten neue Studien so genannte ¹chemische Wirkungen", bedingt durch die enthaltenen Torf− bzw. Schlamminhaltsstoffe, nachweisen. Diese zeichnen sich durch anregende Wirkungen auf die spontane kon− traktile Aktivität an der glatten Muskulatur aus. Das Ziel der vor− liegenden Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden, inwieweit wässeriger Schlammextrakt eine biologische Aktivität besitzt und inwieweit eine Vergleichbarkeit mit wässerigem Torfextrakt diesbezüglich besteht. Methoden: Die Untersuchungen wurden mit Heil− schlamm aus Pomorie (Bulgarien), wie er aus den dortigen Seen gewonnen wird, durchgeführt. Der fein strukturierte Heil− schlamm hat eine schwarze Farbe und riecht leicht nach Hydro− gensulfat. Die biologische Aktivität wurde in Organbädern an glatten Muskelfasern des Meerschweinchenmagens gemessen. Ergebnisse: Die In−vitro−Versuche zeigen, dass wässeriger Schlammextrakt aus den Seen von Pomorie anregenden Wirkun− gen auf die spontane kontraktile Aktivität glatter Muskelfasern des Meerschweinchenmagens aufweist. Die kontraktile Anre− gung ist durch Huminsubstanzen, die sich im Schlamm befinden, bedingt, die agonistische Wirkungen auf a 2 −Adreno− und D 2 − Dopaminrezeptoren an den glatten Muskelzellen besitzen. Schlussfolgerung: Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse machen klinische Beobachtungen der Anwendung von Heilschlamm verständli− cher und bilden die Grundlage für gezielte klinische Studien, die die Rekrutierung von Labordaten und klinischen Daten zur Heil− schlammtherapie erm−glichen. AbstractPurpose: Peat and mud have been successfully applied for a vari− ety of clinical indications. Quite apart from the physical−thermal effects, new studies point towards the so called ¹chemical ef− fects" of peat/mud containing substances. These effects include a stimulatory response of the spontaneous contractile activity of smooth muscle tissue. The aim of the present work is to study the extent to which the water mud extract possesses biological activity and the extent to which it resembles the properties of water peat extract. Methods: The studies were carried out with curative Pomorie mud from the black layer, with very fine struc− ture, plasticity, black colour and a slight smell of hydrogen sul− phide. The biological activity was examined in organ baths by means of smooth muscle fibres of the stomach of guinea pigs. Results: Experiments in vitro show that the water extract from curative mud from the Pomorie Lake possesses excitatory action on the spontaneous contractile activity of smooth−muscle strips of guinea pig stomach. The contractile activation is due to the hu− mic substances contained in the mud, which have an agonistic action on the a 2 −adrenergic and D 2 −dopamine receptors of the smooth−muscle cells. Conclusions: The results obtained allow to explain better some clinical effects of curative mud and to conduct targeted studies in c...

Childhood obesity is becoming a more important medical and social problem worldwide. The number of overweight children is increasing, and it is becoming more and more difficult to treat, and its role as a risk factor for the development of many diseases at a later age is very high. Obesity in children is predominantly hyperplastic - due to an increased number of fat cells. This explains unsuccessful treatment and the danger to maintain throughout life, because hipirplaziyata of fat cells is irreversible process. The main causes of overweight are: a positive energy balance and a and a disorder of lipid metabolism associated with increased liposynthesis and decreased lipolysis. Children with obesity are characterized by increased appetite, increased thirst, easy tiredness, decreased physical activity and neurotic changes. Parents do not have adequate judgment about the risk of overweight. The problem is that 40% of children aged 6 to 12, who are perceived as normal in weight, are actually overweight and even obese. A very small percentage of parents are worried about this fact. The aim of the study is to establish the percentage of overweight and obese children aged 10-11 years in several Burgas schools. Methodology of the study: measurement of height, weight, body mass index, percentage of fat and muscle tissue. Results and Discussion: The results we have found show a very high percentage of overweight in girls at the age of 11 – about 50%. The boys of the same age overweight was 8.3%. A high percentage of body fat is 37.5% at 11 years old girls, and very high in 12.5%. In boys of the same age we found respectively 16.7% and 8.3%. Conclusion: Screening showed extremely worrying results and proved that overweight in adolescents is becoming a serious problem. The treatment of obesity in children requires a complex approach where active participation takes students who have to be very motivated, as well as their parents and relatives.