This paper examines strategies for implementing and operating IP routing effectively within satellite constellation networks, given known constraints on the constellation resulting from satellite mobility, global visibility, routing and addressing

Abstract-Finding an appropriate end-to-end congestion control scheme for each type of flow, such as real-time or multicast flows, may be difficult. But it becomes even more complex to have these schemes be friendly among themselves and with TCP. The assistance of routers within the network for fair bandwidth sharing among the flows is therefore helpful. However, most of the existing mechanisms that provide this fair sharing imply complex buffer management and maintaining flow state in the routers. In this paper, we propose to realize this fair bandwidth sharing without perflow state in the routers, using only a trivial queueing discipline. Packets are tagged near the source, depending on the nature of the flow. In the core of the network, routers use FIFO queues, and simply drop the packet with the highest tag value in case of congestion. Contrarily to other stateless fair queueing algorithms in the core routers, we do not try to maintain instantaneous flow rates equal. Instead, we take into account the responsiveness nature of the flows, and adjust loss rates such that average rates are equal. The novel approach of our scheme, called ¡ UF , Tag-Based Unified Fairness, not only improves the overall fairness but enables us to maintain it in realistic environments, with non-negligible round trip times or bursty traffic, where other schemes fail. The corresponding cost is the need for models of the end-to-end responsive natures of the flows.

The marker-association-segregation-chi 2 (MASC) method with consideration of age, for nonaffected persons, and of age at onset, for affected persons, was applied to a sample of 308 HLA-typed families. Hazard rates modeling the instantaneous risk of catching the disease were estimated under the exponential distribution and with satisfactory goodness of fit. This class of models shows that the hypothesis of the absence of parental imprinting cannot be rejected for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Abstract-Protection of data against long fading time is one of the greatest challenges posed by a satellite delivery system offering multimedia services to mobile devices like DVB-SH. To deal with this challenge several enhancements and modifications of the existing terrestrial mobile TV (DVB-H) are being considered. These solutions provide the required protection depth but they don't take into account the specificity of mobile handheld devices such as power consumption, memory constraints and chipsets implementation costs. In this paper, we propose an innovative algorithm (called Multi Burst Sliding Encoding or MBSE) that extends the DVB-H intra-burst (MPE-FEC) protection to an inter-burst protection so that complete burst losses could be recovered while taking into account the specificity of mobile handheld devices. Based on a clever organisation of the data, our algorithm allows to provide protection against long term fading while still using RS code implemented in DVB-H chipsets. We evaluate the performance of MBSE by both theoretical analysis as well as intensive simulations and experiments. The results also show good performance in terms of protection, battery and memory saving. The MBSE is now under standardisation and it is considered by the DVB Forum as the main solution for the DVB-SH class terminals.