The article considers the issue of substantiating the distributing working body parameters for a pneumatic grain seeder. Work on the subject matter is mainly experimental in nature and not sufficiently deeply worked out theoretically. Based on computer simulation, the article determines the most preferred layout of the distributor dividing head, establishes a rational form of the reference cone and the location of the outlet pipes. Based on the simulation of the movement of seed grain particles, the individual design parameters of the distributor dividing head are specified. The results of experimental studies are presented confirming the theoretical background.

The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the operating process of the seeder section for the no-till sowing machine. Based on the theoretical studies, the authors derived the dependences allowing one to obtain the motion trajectories of the seeder section elements with a parallelogram mechanism when following (gauging) the microrelief contour of the soil surface, taking into account its design parameters. The obtained theoretical trajectories were used as a basis for identifying rational parameters of the gauge wheel of the section. The results of the theoretical studies were confirmed experimentally by the laboratory experiments on a tillage bin, using the developed prototype of the seeder section when following artificial roughnesses. A comparison of the results of the theoretical and experimental studies demonstrated a sufficient degree of their convergence. The authors also established a regularity of the change in the uniformity of the coulter motion of the seeder section relative to the microrelief of the soil surface, depending on its position relative to the gauge wheel.