these results can contribute to the nursing educational support.

Teaching/educating patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and identifying their self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation are very important. However, the self-care behaviors regularly performed by patients are still unknown. We compared self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation performed by patients who are/are not followed-up by the nephrologist. The study design was a prospective, observational and comparative study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: ESRD patients (at stages 4 or 5); at least 18 years old; in pre-dialysis with at least a 6-month follow-up period by the nephrologist or who started dialysis in emergency and were not followed-up by the nephrologist; with no memory problems; and medically stable. Primary outcome was the frequency of self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation. Secondary outcome was the comparison between self-care behaviors by ESRD patients who were/were not followed-up by the nephrologist. The study involved 145 patients, 64.1% were female, the mean age was 69.5 years and the self-care behaviors mean score was 36.8% (with a SD of 39.8%). The number of patients followed-up and not followed-up by the nephrologist was 109 (group 1) and 36 (group 2), respectively. Social characteristics were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). The mean self-care behaviors were 29.4% and 59.2% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.000). Patients performed self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation with a relatively low frequency (the mean score was 36.8% only). Patients not followed by the nephrologist performed self-care behaviors more often than those who were followed (59.2% vs. 29.4% respectively, P = 0.000).

Background: Based on a literature review of various studies, comparisons between BH and RL are inconclusive regarding some outcomes. However, in the last 5 years, some studies have been published that may contribute to clarifying which cannulation technique (CT) allows better fistula survival. Aim: To review which cannulation technique allows better primary patency of the arteriovenous fistula in haemodialysis patients. Methods: We will include all randomised controlled trials and observational studies that include comparisons among CTs and thus define the benefits and risks of each CT. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed in accordance with the quality and homogeneity of studies. A comprehensive search strategy will be applied to the CINAHL, MEDLINE and Embase electronic databases from January 2000 to September 2021. The primary outcome is the arteriovenous fistula primary patency. To assess the risk of bias in randomised controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies, we will use the tool Revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (RoB 2). For nonrandomised studies, the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) will be used. Discussion: The evidence generated from this systematic review of current evidence could inform the design and implementation of continuous quality improvement programs in cannulation techniques in haemodialysis patients, as well as contributing to improving the curricula within haemodialysis courses. This protocol was registered with the National Institute for Health Research PROSPERO database prior to commencement (registration number CRD42021237050).

Diffi culties and strategies to manage the therapeutic regimen in the patients with chronic renal in hemodialysis

s t S e m i n a r o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n G e o t e c h n i c s 12-3 O c t o b e r 2 0 7 | L N E C L i s b o n | P o r t u g a l E d i t e d b yA l e x a n d r e P i n t o , A n a C r i s t i n a F r e i r e , A n t ó n i o A . C r i s t ó v ã o , A n t ó n i o A l b e r t o C o r r e i a , A n t ó n i o G o m e s C o r r e i a , E d u a r d o F o r t u n a t o , J o s é L u í s M a c h a d o d o V a l e , J o s é N e v e s , M a d a l e n a B a r r o s o , M a n u e l P a r e n t e All rights reserved. No Part of this e-Book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this e-Book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of these information contained herein. PrefaceThe Portuguese Commission on Transportation Geotechnics (CPGT), Portuguese Commission of Geosynthetics (IGS Portugal) and the Portuguese Geotechnical Society (SPG) organized the 1st Seminary on Transportation Geotechnics " Improvement, Reinforcement and Rehabilitation of Transport Infrastructures", that took place in the Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Lisbon, in 12-13th October 2017.Taking into account the planned investments in transport infrastructures and the importance of ensuring the principles of circular economy applied to civil engineering works, this seminar aims to present, with emphasis on innovation, sustainability and work cases, geotechnical solutions for improvement, reinforcement and rehabilitation of transport infrastructure, including roadway, railway, airport and sea-port infrastructures, as well as the structures and infrastructures located in the vicinity of the former. European standardization in the field of special geotechnical works: current situation and its impact in PortugalJosé Luiz Antunes (GT10 of CT156, Portugal) KEYNOTE LECTURE Page 15 Numerical analysis of some solutions for construction of embankments on soft soilsPaulo da Venda Oliveira (University of Coimbra, Portugal); Paulo Zacarias (University of Coimbra, Portugal) Page 16 Stabilization of soils with alkali activated cementNuno Cruz (Mota-Engil, Portugal); Carlos Rodrigues (Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Portugal); Sara Rios (University of Porto, Portugal) Page 18 Reinforcement and stabilization of slopes as rehabilitation measure of several regional roads on Madeira islandRoberto Branco Carreiro (Tecnovia, Portugal) Page 20 Highway embankment stabilization with an anchored pile wallIsabel Gonzales (Brisa, Portugal); Maria Dora Baptista (Brisa, Portugal); Joana Martins (Brisa, Portugal); Eduardo Mira Fernandes(Elsamex, Portugal); Pedro Noronha Antunes (Elsamex, Portugal) Page 22Design Guideline for Basal Reinforced Piled Embankments, based on experiments,...